Zosankha Zochita Zachipatala

Pali ziwerengero zamakono za ziweto zomwe zimadziwika ndi bungwe la zamankhwala la American Veterinary Medical Association. Chidziwitso monga katswiri wa ziweto zimaphatikizapo zaka zina ziwiri kapena zitatu zophunzira, kuphatikizapo kudutsa kafukufuku wamkati.

Kukhala wapadera kumakhala kumayang'aniridwa ndi katswiri wa bungwe lovomerezeka m'munda. Zovomerezeka zosiyanasiyana za mabungwe owona za ziweto zingakhale zogwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka ziwalo kapena ziwalo, kapena zingakhale zoganizira za kayendedwe ka mtundu wina.

Zopadera Zapadera

Bungwe la American Board of Veterinary Practitioners (ABVP) limayang'anira chidziwitso chapadera mu mitundu khumi. Chidziwitso chimapezeka ngati katswiri wa zamagulu a zinyama, ng'ombe zamphongo , canine, ng'ombe za mkaka, equine , zinyama zamphongo, zinyama, nyama zodyera, reptile, ndi amphibian, kapena mankhwala a nkhumba. Padziko lonse, panali oposa 830 omvera omwe akugwira nawo ntchito imodzi mwa mitundu khumi yokhala ndi malo apadera pa kafukufuku waposachedwapa wa AVMA wa 2014.

Anesthesiology

Udindo wapadera wamagetsi owona za zinyama umakhudzidwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuyang'anira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya antiesthetic kuti apereke chithandizo choyenera pa nthawi ya opaleshoni. Pakalipano pali nthumwi zokwana 223 zokhazikika m'munda.

Makhalidwe

Khalidwe lapadera la zochitika zanyama zimayang'ana kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa zokhudzana ndi khalidwe komanso chithandizo cha zinyama ndi mankhwala oyenera kapena njira zothandizira kuti khalidwe losayenera liziyendetsedwa.

Pakalipano pali anthu 60 ochita zinyama zamakono omwe amachiza mankhwala.

Chithandizo Chodzidzimutsa ndi Chofunika

Udindo wapadera wa zinyama zapadera ndi chisamaliro chodetsa nkhawa umakhudzidwa ndi chithandizo ndi chisamaliro cha nyama zowonongeka kopweteka kapena matenda obwera modzidzimutsa. Pali oposa 510 ochita zozizwitsa komanso odzisamalira.

Mankhwala a mano

Udindo wapadera wamakono owona zamatenda umakhudzidwa ndi kupereka njira zowonongeka za mano ndi njira za opaleshoni zamakono zolimbikitsa thanzi la mano mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu.

Zachilengedwe

Udindo wapadera wa zinyama zakuthambo umayang'ana pa matenda a khungu, tsitsi, makutu, ndi misomali. Madokotala owona za ziweto amadziwitsanso zowonongeka zakunja, chifuwa, ndi zina zina zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa khungu la nyama. Pali 238 nthumwi zokhazikika pamunda.

Epidemiology

Kuphunzira za matenda owona za ziweto kumayendetsedwa ndi American College of Veterinary Preventative Medicine. Matenda a zinyama ndizopadera zomwe zimaphatikizapo kufufuza za chiyambi, kufalikira, ndi chiwerengero cha matenda m'zinyama. Wapadera ali ndi akatswiri 55 a zamakono.

Internal Medicine

Nyuzipepala ya American College ya Zanyama Zamankhwala (Internal Medicine) imatsimikizira kuti akatswiri a zamankhwala am'derali amakhulupirira kuti ziweto zimayendera matenda, ziweto zamakono, ziweto zamkati zamkati, ndi mankhwala am'kati. Pali akatswiri a zamankhwala 2,611 apakati pano omwe akuchita.

Lab Lab Animal Medicine

Udindo wapadera wa zinyama zazilombo zamankhwala zimakhudzidwa ndi kuphunzira makoswe, akalulu, ndi zinyama zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kufufuza mu malo opangira ma laboratory.

Palinso akatswiri a zinyama 930 za ma laboratory.

Microbiology

Zapadera za zamoyo zakufa zamoyo zimaphatikizapo kuphunzira za bakiteriya, fungal, ndi matenda a tizilombo. Bungwe la American College of Veterinary Microbiologist limatsimikiziranso akatswiri a zamoyo monga zamoyo zamatenda, zinyama zamagetsi, zinyama zamakono, zofukula zamatenda, ndi zofukula zamatera. Pali akatswiri 231 a tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo m'munda.

Zakudya zabwino

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi chimakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira zakudya zothandizira kulimbikitsa umoyo wa zinyama ndi kuyang'anira zizindikiro za matenda osiyanasiyana. Pali akatswiri okwana 71 m'munda.

Ophthalmology

Maphunziro a zinyama zamakono ali ndi phunziro la diso ndi zogwirizana, komanso kuthandizidwa bwino kwa matenda omwe angakhudze masomphenya a nyama.

Pali alangizi 407 mu malo apadera awa.

Matenda

Udindo wapadera wa ziweto zimakhudzidwa ndi kufufuza matenda ndi kusintha komwe kumachitika pa nyama chifukwa cha matenda. Pali anthu 1,676 ogwira ntchitoyi.

Pharmacology (Clinical)

Zopadera za zamankhwala zamankhwala zamagetsi zimakhudzidwa ndi zochitika, kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Palinso akatswiri ochita ntchito 56 m'munda.

Kafukufuku wa Zamankhwala ndi Mafilimu Otsutsa Zamatsenga

Zapadera za sayansi ya zinyama zakuthambo ndi zojambula zamatenda zamatenda zakuthambo zimayang'ana pa njira zogwiritsira ntchito zojambula zamagetsi ndi mankhwala opatsirana. Alipo 494 omembala pamunda.

Mankhwala Opatsirana

Udindo wapadera wa mankhwala ochizira matenda a zinyama ( zovomerezeka ) umakhudzidwa ndi kuphunzira njira zothandizira kubereka komanso chithandizo cha matenda obereka. Pali akatswiri ovomerezeka okwana 388 m'dera lino.

Opaleshoni

Opaleshoni ya opaleshoni zamatenda ikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga njira zamakono zopangira opaleshoni yosamalira nyama zovulala kapena zodwala. Pali ofalitsa okwana 1,571 m'munda.

Toxicology

Kachilombo ka zinyama zapachilombo ndizopadera zomwe zikukhudzana ndi kuphunzirira za poizoni zachilengedwe komanso zoopsa za mankhwala ena, zowonjezera zakudya, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Pali akatswiri 92 mu gawo ili.

Zoology Medicine

Udindo wapadera wa zamankhwala zamakono umaganizira za kufufuza kwa nyama zakutchire zomwe zasungidwa m'zipinda zamaphunziro monga zofukufuku, chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi njira zothandizira. Pali akatswiri 150 a zoo.