Ntchito
Akatswiri owona za zamoyo zamakono ndi akatswiri a zinyama omwe amagwiritsa bwino ntchito pofufuza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana mu zinyama. Matendawa amachititsa kuti mabakiteriya, mavairasi, poizoni ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ntchito zogwiritsira ntchito zamoyo zazing'onoting'ono zamakono zingasiyanitse malinga ndi malo awo enieni koma makamaka zimaphatikizapo kufufuza zinyama zamadzi ndi madzi, kuyendetsa kafukufuku wa laboratory ndi microscopes ndi zipangizo zina zapadera, ndi kupereka uphungu wa akatswiri pakupempha ochita ntchito zambiri.
Akatswiri ambiri owona za zinyama amagwira ntchito m'ma laboratori ndikukhala maofesi nthawi zonse.
Akatswiri a zamoyo zamakono amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga katemera, mankhwala, ndi zinyama zina. Angapangitsenso kufufuza kwa sayansi ndikufalitsa zotsatira muzolemba zamakono zokhudzana ndi anzawo.
Zosankha za Ntchito
Akatswiri a zamoyo zamakono angagwiritse ntchito malo osiyanasiyana monga bacteriology, mycology, virology, parasitology, kapena immunology. Angathenso kuganizira kafukufuku wawo pa mtundu wina wa nyama kapena gulu la chidwi.
Akatswiri owona za zinyama angapeze ntchito ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo opanga malonda a zogulitsa zinyama, makoleji ndi mayunivesite, ma laboratories ozindikira, akatswiri ofufuza kafukufuku, ndi mabungwe a boma. Malo angaphatikizepo kufufuza, chitukuko cha mankhwala, kuphunzitsa, kapena maudindo.
Maphunziro & Maphunziro
Akatswiri a zamoyo zamakono ayenera kumaliza digiri ya Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) ndi zina zofunika kuti asakhale woyenerera kukhala pansi pa chidziwitso cha chidziwitso m'dera ili lapadera.
Pokhapokha ngati wolembayo ali ndi ma dipatimenti awiri omwe akufuna kupereka chithandizo chawo, pali njira zingapo zophunzitsira zimene angayenere kuti aziyesa.
Njira yoyamba imafuna kuti munthu wodzakwatira amalize Ph.D. chiwerengero chachikulu chogogomezera kuzilombo zamatenda (zomwe zimaphatikizapo bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, virology, ndi immunology).
Njira yachiwiri imafuna kuti munthu wodzinenera akhale atamaliza digiri ya Master pamodzi ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zofanana ndi zomwe zingapangidwe ndi Ph.D. wosankhidwa. Zowonjezera izi zingaphatikizepo maudindo a nthawi zonse, kuphunzitsa ku yunivesite, kapena kuchita kafukufuku wophatikizapo. Njira yachitatu siyenela Mphunzitsi kapena Ph.D. digiri, koma oyenererayo ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chofanana ndikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa udindo pa udindo wawo.
Bungwe lovomerezeka lawotcha lokha limapangidwa ndi magawo awiri. Yoyamba ndi kafukufuku wa microbiology (ndi mafunso angapo 240 omwe angasankhidwe). Yachiwiri ndiyeso yapadera mu gawo limodzi lazinayi: bacteriology / mycology, virology, immunology, kapena parasitology. Masewera apadera ali ndi mafunso 100 osankhidwa ambiri omwe amayesa kudziwa zenizeni pogwiritsira ntchito zithunzi ndi zina zothandizira. Otsatira angatenge mayeso amodzi, awiri, atatu, kapena anayi onse ovomerezeka ndi chivomerezo cha gulu la ACVM pasanathe zaka zisanu.
Pambuyo pokwaniritsa zochitika zapadera ndi zapadera, oyenererayo ayenera kupereka mafunso khumi ndi awiri omwe angatheke kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito pamayesero amtsogolo. Ngati zinthu zili bwino m'madera onse, munthu amene wapatsidwa chilolezo amapatsidwa mwayi wokhala ndi dipatimenti yoyang'anira ziweto.
A American College of Veterinary Microbiologists (ACVM) amapereka mayeso ovomerezeka a apadera owona za ziweto ku United States. Nyuzipepala ya American Veterinary Medical Association inanena kuti panali anthu 216 omwe ali ndi dipatimenti yoyang'anira zamoyo zakufa m'chaka cha 2011. Panafukufuku amene anachita mu December 2011, padali akatswiri 42, akatswiri makumi asanu ndi anayi omwe ali ndi matenda a immunology, akatswiri makumi asanu ndi limodzi (60) virology.
Misonkho
Akatswiri owona za ziweto amatha kuyembekezera kupeza malipiro apamwamba . Akatswiri ambiri a zinyama amapeza ndalama zoposa $ 100,000 pachaka malinga ndi momwe ntchito yawo ikugwirira ntchito. Malo ogulitsa mafakitale apamtunda amakhala ndi zifukwa zazikulu zowonjezera ntchito za kufufuza ndi chitukuko.
Kafukufuku wa Bungwe la Labor Statistics (BLS) kwa akatswiri a zazing'onoting'ono (omwe sizilombo zamatenda) amasonyeza kuti malipiro apakati a asayansiwa anali $ 65,920 pachaka mufukufuku wa 2010.
Ochepa pa khumi aliwonse adapeza ndalama zosachepera $ 39,180 pachaka pamene oposa khumi peresenti adapeza ndalama zoposa $ 115,720 pachaka.
Maganizo a Ntchito
Ngakhale Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) sichilekanitsa zapadera za zamoyo zakufa zamoyo kuchokera ku deta yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa ku ntchito zonse zakuthambo, kafukufuku waposachedwapa akuwonetsa kuti padzakhala chitsanzo cha kukula kolimba kwa ntchito yonse ya mankhwala owona zanyama. Chiwerengero cha kukula kwa chiwerengero cha kukula chikuposa 36 peresenti, mlingo mofulumira kwambiri kusiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa kukula kwa ntchito zonse. Izi ziyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito zonse zogwira ntchito zanyama zamaphunziro zimaphunzitsidwa bwino.
Chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha akatswiri owona za ziweto chamakono chiyenera kumasulira kufunikira kwakukulu kwa iwo omwe amatha kuthetsa ziyeneretso ndikuyesera kuti akhale ovomerezeka mu gawo lapaderali.