Ngakhale kuti anthu amalipidwa chifukwa cha utumiki wawo usilikali wa ku United States, chisankhochi chimalowa usilikali ndikudzipereka kwathunthu. Nthambi iliyonse ya mautumikiwa ili ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zolembera, koma pali zina zofunika zomwe nthambi zonse zimagwira.
Zina mwazimenezo ndizokuti anthu okhawo omwe ali nzika za US angathe kukhala akuluakulu a asilikali ku United States ankhondo. Anthu omwe amadziwika kuti nzika za US amakhalanso ndi nzika za Puerto Rico, zilumba za kumpoto kwa Mariana, maboma a Micronesia, Guam, zilumba za US Virgin, American Samoa, ndi Republic of the Marshall Islands. Osakhala nzika akuyenera kulembera usilikali koma sangatumize.
Wosakhala nzika ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina kuti alowe usilikali. Ayenera kukhala ndi khadi lachilendo lolembera alendo (ndemanga I-94 kapena I-551 Green card / INS Form 1-551) komanso nyumba yokhala ndi malo abwino okhala ndi mbiri ya US monga nyumba yawo. Ngati anthu omwe si nzika amachokera ku mayiko omwe ali ndi mbiri ya udani ku US, angafunike kuchoka. Boma la federal silingathe kupempha munthu wochokera kudziko lina kuti asalowemo malamulo kuti athe kulowa usilikali.
Kuti munthu wochokera kudziko lina alowe usilikali ku United States, ayenera kuyamba choyamba kupita ku USCIS (kale ankadziwika kuti INS) ndiyeno nkuyamba kuyambitsa ndondomeko . Chofunika china ndi chakuti Green Card ndi / kapena visa ya munthu wochokera kunja amene akufuna kulowa usilikali ayenera kukhala woyenera pa nthawi yonse yolembetsa.
Anthu osamukira kudziko lina sangalowe usilikali ku US.
Pulezidenti Obama akuyesera kupititsa malamulo omwe angalole kuti anthu olowa m'dzikolo asalandire nzika zawo ngati atumikira usilikali. Boma la Obama linalengeza pulogalamu yake yowonongeka mu June 2012 ndipo tsopano yalandira achinyamata oposa 150,000 omwe sanalembedwe nawo pulogalamu yomwe imawalola kupeza ntchito. Kuyenerera kwa ndondomekoyi kumagwirizana ndi ndondomeko ya Dream Act, yomwe ili ndi zaka khumi zomwe zingalole kuti achinyamata osamukira kudziko lina alowe mu United States ngati ana - omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Dreamers - kukhala nzika ngati akwaniritsa zofunikira zina.
The Dream Act ili ndi dongosolo lapadera lautumiki muzolota awo akhoza kupita ku koleji kapena kulowa usilikali kuti apindule ndi Dream Act. Ngakhale kuti anthu othawa kwawo amaloledwa kubwezeretsedwa ngati atapatsidwa ufulu wochokera ku usilikali, anthu othawa kwawo osaloledwa kulandira ufulu wawo sayenera kulumikizana nawo, kutanthauza kuti lamuloli lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati atatumikira kale.
Anthu omwe akufuna kulowa usilikali komanso osakhala nzika amakhala ochepa pa nthawi imodzi ya utumiki. Ngati osakhala nzika akukhala nzika za US ndiye kuti amaloledwa kubwezeretsanso.
Kwa mlendo amene anagwirizana ndi US. asilikali, kamodzi akakhala ndi udindo wogwira usilikali, njira yochokera kwa osakhala nzika kwa nzika za US ikhoza kuthamangitsidwa. Mautumiki apamtunda ndi a US Citizenship and Immigration Services agwira ntchito limodzi kuti athetse kukambirana kwa nzika za utumiki. Mu Julayi 2002, Pulezidenti adatumiza akuluakulu omwe sankakhala nzika zogonjera ufulu wawo wokhala nzika za US. Zomwe zafotokozedwa mulamulo la chiyanjano cha US mu 2004 zalola USCIS kuchita zoyankhulana zokhazokha ndi zikondwerero za anthu a ku United States omwe amamenya nkhondo kumayiko ena. Malingana ndi chiwerengero cha USCIS kuchokera mu April 2008, anthu oposa 550 ochokera kumayiko ena akutumikila kudziko lina akukhala nzika zakunja kudziko lina pamene akugwira ntchito m'mayiko monga Iraq, Afghanistan, Kosovo, Kenya, komanso Pacific m'nyanja ya USS Kitty Hawk.
Kuyambira m'chaka cha 2001, USCIS yakhala ikudziwika ndi anthu oposa 37,250 ochokera ku mayiko ena, ndipo inapereka mwayi wokhala nzika yokhala ndi nzika 111.
Malingana ndi February 2008 deta yochokera ku Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo , oposa 65,000 ochokera kudziko lina (osakhala nzika komanso nzika zapadera) anali kugwira ntchito mwakhama ku US Armed Forces. Izi zikuimira pafupifupi 5% mwa anthu onse ogwira ntchito. Padziko lonse, chaka chilichonse pafupifupi 8,000 osakhala nzika amalowa usilikali. Mayiko awiri ochokera m'mayiko ena ku United States ndi ochokera ku Philippines ndi Mexico, ndipo pafupifupi 11 peresenti ya anthu ogwira ntchito yankhondo ya ku Puerto Rico.
Asilikali amapindula kwambiri ndi utumiki wa wobadwa kwawo. Anthu osagwirizana ndi anthu amapereka mitundu yambiri ya fuko, mitundu, chikhalidwe, ndi chikhalidwe kusiyana ndi nzika zomwe zimagwira ntchito. Kusiyanasiyana uku ndikofunikira kwambiri kuperekedwa kwa dongosolo la nkhondo lomwe likuwonjezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Kuwonjezera apo, ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti: Asiya / Pacific Island ndi Aspanishi omwe si nzika omwe akhala akutumikira kwa miyezi itatu ndi pafupifupi 10 peresenti yochepa kuti asiye utumiki kusiyana ndi nzika zoyera. Osakhala nzika omwe akhala akutumikira kwa miyezi 36 osachepera makumi asanu ndi atatu ndi makumi awiri ndi makumi asanu ndi limodzi (20%) osachepera kuti asiye utumiki kusiyana ndi nzika zoyera.
Mitsinje: Chitsimikizo cha Kusamuka, One America ndi Chilungamo kwa Onse, White House, Pres. Barack Obama