Ntchito
Ntchito ya mlimi wa nkhumba ndikuphatikizapo kupereka chakudya, kupatsa mankhwala, kusamalira nyama chifukwa cha zizindikiro za matenda, kukonza malo osungirako malo, kuyang'anira mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha, kuthandizira odwala matenda ozunguza bongo, kuchita zoweta kapena ntchito zina zobereketsa , kusunga zolemba, ndi kugwirizana kuchotsedwa kwa zinyalala.
Ayeneranso kukhala ndi udindo wogulitsa nyama ndi kutumiza katundu ku minda kapena kusamalira zomera.
Alimi a nkhumba amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi ziweto zazikulu kuti zionetsetse kuti zinyama zawo zimakhala ndi thanzi labwino pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito katemera komanso mankhwala. Angathandizenso anthu odyetsa nyama ndi odyetsa chakudya cha ziweto pamene akukonza mapulani a zakudya.
Alimi a nkhumba angapindule ndi kukhala ndi luso loyang'anira antchito, monga ntchito zambiri zamalonda zimafuna antchito ambiri. Maofesi a ulimi ali ndi udindo wokonzekera kusintha kwa ogwira ntchito komanso kuyang'anira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Ntchito zazikulu zamalonda zingakhale ndi zinyama zambiri pa malo.
Monga momwe alimi ambiri akulima komanso akuweta ziweto , mlimi nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito maola ambiri, kuphatikizapo usiku, sabata, kapena maholide. Ntchito zambiri zimaphatikizapo kukhala ndi nyengo komanso kutentha kwambiri nthawi ndi nthawi, ngakhale kuti nkhumba zamalonda zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zowonongeka.
Zosankha za Ntchito
Alimi a nkhumba akhoza kupanga nkhumba mu ntchito za farrow-to-finish (zomwe zimabweretsa nkhumba kuchokera kubadwa mpaka kupha kulemera), opanga nkhumba zodyera (zomwe zimapangitsa nkhumba kuti zibereke kupita kwinakwake pamapiritsi 10 mpaka 60, zikagulitsidwa kuti zitheke) , ndi ntchito zotsirizira (zomwe zimagula nkhumba zodyetsa ndi kuzikweza ku kupha kolemera).
Maphunziro & Maphunziro
Pafupifupi alimi onse a nkhumba ali (osachepera) diploma ya sekondale, omwe ali ndi madigiri ambiri a koleji m'madera monga zinyama , ulimi, kapena malo ogwirizana. Zotsatira za madigirizi amenewa nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo maphunziro a zinyama, kupanga, nyama ya sayansi, anatomy ndi physiology, genetics, kubereka, zakudya, kayendedwe ka mankhwala, teknoloji, bizinesi, ndi malonda.
Ambiri omwe akufunafuna nkhumba akudziwidwa ndi malondawa kudzera mu mapulogalamu a achinyamata monga Future Farmers of America (FFA) kapena ma clubs 4-H. Maguluwa amapatsa achinyamata mwayi wogwiritsira ntchito ziweto zapulasitiki ndikupikisana nawo ku ziweto. Chinthu chamtengo wapatali chingapezenso kudzera pa ntchito zaulimi.
Misonkho
Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wa malipiro a Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) satenga deta yeniyeni ya alimi a nkhumba, gulu lonse la azimayi a pulayimale ndi a ranch limanenera malipiro apakati pa $ 68,050 pachaka ($ 32.72 ola lililonse) mu Meyi wa 2014. Malipiro awonjezeka kuchoka pa $ 34,170 chifukwa cha 10 peresenti yotsika kwambiri kuposa ndalama zokwana madola 121,690 pa 10 peresenti. Ndalama zochokera ku famu ya nkhumba zikhoza kusintha mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi mtengo wogulitsa, nyengo, komanso mtengo wa nkhumba.
Misonkho ya alimi a nkhumba ingasinthenso chifukwa cha mtundu umene amagwira ntchito (munda wamalonda kapena famu), msinkhu wake, komanso chiwerengero cha nkhumba.
Pokhapokha ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito ndi bungwe lomwe limapereka ndalama zowonjezera, alangizi a nkhumba ayenera kuganiziranso zofunikira zina zogulira famu pakuwonetsa phindu lawo lomaliza chaka chilichonse. Zogwiritsira ntchito izi zingaphatikizepo zopereka, chakudya, mafuta, ntchito, chithandizo cha zamatera, inshuwalansi, kuchotsa zinyalala, ndi zipangizo.
Maganizo a Ntchito
Kafukufuku wa Bungwe la Labor Statistics (BLS) akuwonetsa kuti chiwerengero cha ntchito zomwe zilipo kwa abwana oyendetsa ntchito zaulimi ndi oyang'anira ziweto zikuyenera kuwonetsa kuchepa pang'ono (pafupifupi 2 peresenti) kuchokera mu 2014 mpaka 2024. Kusintha kwa chiwerengero chazochitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuphatikiza minda yaing'ono kuzinthu zikuluzikulu.
Dipatimenti ya Economic Research Service ya USDA yapeza kuti chiwerengero cha minda ya nkhumba chacheperapo chifukwa cha ntchito zochepa zomwe zimagwira ntchito imodzi.
Kafukufuku wa 2012 ndi USDA wa Economic Research Service adapeza kuti kupanga nkhumba kuyenera kuwonetsa zopindulitsa pazaka khumi zikubwerazi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chakudya, kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola zokolola, ndi kupindula polemera. Zakudya za nkhumba ziyenera kuwonjezeka, ngakhale mitengo ya nkhumba iyenera kukhala yosasinthika.