Ntchito
Madokotala a zinyama zakutchire ali ndi akatswiri a zaumoyo ovomerezeka omwe amaphunzitsidwa kuti azisamalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinyama. Zinyama zinyama zakutchire zimachitira nyama, mbalame, ndi zokwawa. Iwo angagwire ntchito mu ofesi ya zinyama zakutchire kapena kumunda.
Kawirikawiri chizoloŵezi cha zinyama zakutchire zimatha kukhala ndi zinyama zokhala ndi zowonongeka, kuchita mayeso, kupereka katemera, kutenga magazi, kusamalira magazi, kuchita opaleshoni ngati pakufunika, kuika mankhwala, kufufuza ndi kuchiza mabala, kutenga ma x-ray, kuthandiza ndi mapulogalamu obereketsa, ndikupereka "chisamaliro chokwanira" kwa nyama zazing'ono zomwe makolo awo amasiya.
Zilombo zamatenda zakutchire nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito pamodzi ndi othandizira zinyama kumalo osungirako ziweto. Ayeneranso kuthandizana ndi kulankhulana bwino ndi akatswiri owona za ziweto, akuluakulu a zakutchire, ndi anthu.
Si zachilendo kuti mavenda azigwira ntchito mausiku, sabatala, ndi maholide. Zinyama zina zakutchire zimakhala ndi ndondomeko zomwe zimaphatikizapo "nthawi" yochiza matenda oopsa, ndipo si zachilendo kuti mavotera apange maola 50 a ntchito (kapena zambiri) pa sabata. Zinyama zina zakutchire zimapanga kafufuzidwe kapena kuchiritsa odwala m'munda, kotero kuyenda kungapangidwe kwa madokotala ena.
Zosankha za Ntchito
Zoweta zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati ziweto zazing'ono , zoweta , kapena ziweto zazikulu komanso kuphatikizapo ntchito yopangira nyama zakutchire. Zilombo zina zakutchire zimasankha kugwira ntchito ndi nyama zonyansa kapena mitundu ya nyama zakutchire.
Zolemba zinyama zakutchire zingagwire ntchito ku maphunziro (monga aphunzitsi a koleji kapena a biology), malonda a zamankhwala zamagulu, magulu ankhondo, mabungwe a boma, malo osakafufuza kapena mabala, malo osungirako nyama zakutchire , malo odyetserako nyama zakutchire , museums, kapena amchere.
Maphunziro ndi Maphunziro
Omaliza maphunziro onse a zinyama zakutchire ndi digiri ya Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM), yomwe imapezeka pambuyo pomaliza maphunziro ovuta omwe amaphatikizapo mitundu yaing'ono ndi yaikulu ya nyama. Panopa pali makoleji 30 a zamankhwala ku United States omwe amapereka digiri ya DVM kwa omaliza maphunziro awo.
Pulogalamu ya Yunivesite ya Tufts University imadziwika bwino ndi Pulogalamu ya Mankhwala a Zachilengedwe. Tufts Wildlife Clinic imapatsa ophunzira a zinyama mwayi wokhala ndi mitundu yoposa 1600 ya chibadwidwe odwala chaka chilichonse. Zinyamazi zimabweretsedwa kuti azitsata ndi nsomba ndi masewera a masewera , othandizira am'deralo, ndi anthu.
UC Davis amaperekanso mwayi wopita kuchipatala cha zinyama zakutchire monga gawo la pulogalamu yake ya zamatera. Zomwe mungaphunzitse zogwiritsa ntchito ziweto zokhudzana ndi zinyama zokhudzana ndi zinyama zili zambiri ku UC Davis. Zosankha zimaphatikizapo digiri ya DVM ndi kulimbikitsa thanzi la nyama zakutchire, zaka 2 za pambuyo pa DVM Masters digiri yokhudza moyo wa zinyama ndi matenda, ndi malo a DVM okhala mu zoo mankhwala ndi matenda.
Pambuyo pa maphunziro omaliza, zilakolako zoyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito ziyenera kupititsa ku Northern American Veterinary Licensing Exam (NAVLE) kuti zikhale zovomerezeka kuti zizichita. Chaka chilichonse anthu pafupifupi 3,000 amapezeka kuchipatala. Kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2015, kafukufuku watsopano wa ntchito ya AVMA wapita, panali 105,358 ochita masewera a ku United States. Ndizochepa peresenti ya ziwetozi zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zinyama zakutchire kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Professional Associations
Bungwe la American Veterinary Medical Association ndi limodzi mwa mabungwe otchuka kwambiri a zinyama, omwe akuimira oposa 100,000 ogwira ntchito.
Ambiri omwe amapita kuchipatala ku America amakhalabe membala ndi AVMA.
Bungwe la European Association of Zoo ndi Wildlife Veterinarians (EAZW) ndi bungwe lodziwika bwino la nyama zakutchire, lomwe lili ndi mamembala 600 omwe akuchokera ku mayiko 48 osiyanasiyana. EAZW imasindikiza mapepala amaluso ndipo imapanga misonkhano ya sayansi pachaka kuti ikulimbikitse kupita patsogolo mu thanzi la zinyama.
Misonkho
Mphotho yamakono kwa onse odwala matendawa anali pafupifupi $ 87,590 ($ 42.11 pa ora) mu 2014, malinga ndi kafukufuku wothandizira olembedwa ndi Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Zopindulitsa mu kafukufuku wa malipiro a BLS a 2014 amasiyana ndi $ 52,530 chifukwa cha ochepa kwambiri omwe amalipiritsa 10 peresenti ya ziweto zonse zoposa $ 157,390 chifukwa cha ndalama zoposa 10 peresenti ya ziweto zonse.
Veterinarians omwe ali pabungwe lovomerezeka mu malo apadera (ophthalmology, oncology, opaleshoni, etc.) angakhoze kuyembekezera kukokera mu malipiro apamwamba chifukwa cha zochitika zawo zambiri ndi maphunziro.
Pofika chaka cha 2015, deta ya AVMA imasonyeza kuti pali 164 akatswiri omwe ali ndi bungwe la zovomerezeka.
Job Outlook
Malingana ndi deta yochokera ku Bureau of Labor Statistics, ntchito ya zinyama idzawonjezereka kuposa anthu onse-pafupifupi 9 peresenti kuchokera mu 2014 mpaka 2024. Pokhala ndi chidwi ndi zinyama zakutchire ndi kusungira mosalekeza, chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha ziweto chikuyembekezeredwa kulowa mmunda za mankhwala zakutchire.