A callsign "Air Force One" akhala akuyimira ndege ya Air Force yomwe perezidenti wa United States akuwuluka.
Komabe, mawuwa adasonyezedwa mwazinthu zina, zosavuta komanso zachilengedwe pakati pa chikhalidwe chathu cha ku America. Mwachitsanzo, Nike anapanga nsapato yotchedwa "Air Force 1" yomwe imakhala nsapato yothamanga kwambiri pa nthawi yonse. Kenaka kunali filimu yotchedwa 1997 yotchedwa blockbuster ya dzina lomweli lomwe linayambira Harrison Ford (woyendetsa yekha) , monga Pulezidenti wa United States amene achoka ku ndege yake ya pulezidenti mu podomali yothamanga kwambiri. Firimuyi inasankhidwa kwa Oscars awiri. Ndipo ngakhale kuti mawuwa akuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chizindikiro cha ndege iliyonse Pulezidenti wa United States akuwuluka (ngati akuwulukira ku Cessna 172, mwachitsanzo, angagwiritse ntchito chizindikiro cha "Air Force One" ku kulankhulana ndi ATC), wakhala mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza ndege za Boeing 747-200B zomwe zimasankhidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pulezidenti.
Ndipo lero Air Force One sangakhale ndi pod yothawa, koma ili pafupi china chirichonse.
Ndipo monga maina akupita, "Air Force One" yatha kukhala ngati mawu omwe sakuimira chizindikiro chachitsulo cha ndege iliyonse ya Air Force imene purezidenti akuuluka kuti afotokoze momwe zowonongera ndege zowonongeka - Boeing 747-200 palokha. Chiwonetsero chisindikizo cha pulezidenti ndi mawu akuti "United States of America" monga gawo lalikulu la mapulani ake, kupatsa mbiri ndi kudzidziwika yekha ndikupanga kulikonse kulikonse.
Msilikali Wachimodzi Mmodzi, monga ambiri a ife timadziwira, ndi Boeing 747 omwe amadziwika kwambiri komanso otchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Ndege za Presidenti Zapita
Ndege ya pulezidenti siinali nthawi zonse Boeing 747. Ndipotu ndege yoyamba yopangidwa ndi pulezidenti pabwalo ndi pamene Franklin D. Roosevelt adathawira ku Clipper, Boeing Model 314 Flying Boat, yomwe inamutengera ku msonkhano wa Casablanca mu 1943. Posakhalitsa, General Hap Arnold anaumiriza kuti purezidenti athamangire ndege ya Air Force mmalo mwa ndege ya Navy, ndipo pasanapite nthawi ndege ya pulezidenti inakonzedwa makamaka kuti azitha kuyendetsa pulezidenti. Buku loyambirira liyenera kukhala la C-87, la asilikali a B-24, koma ndegeyo siinali yodalirika kwa pulezidenti, yemwe utumiki wake wachinsinsi unakana. Izi zinatsogolera nyumba yomanga ndege - VC-54 Skymaster. Skymaster inali ndondomeko yomasulidwa ya zankhondo zankhondo zamtundu wa DC-4 zomwe zakhala zikupanga kale, koma inakhala ndege yoyamba yomangidwa yokonzekera, ndipo yoyamba inamangidwa mwachindunji kwa Franklin D. Roosevelt mu 1945, yodzaza ndi chipinda cha msonkhano zenera la bulletproof.
Air Force Today
Kuyambira pamenepo, ndege zambiri zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi aphungu.
The DC-6, zosiyana za Boeing 707, ndi Boeing 747-200 zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito tsopano zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndege za purezidenti. Panopa ndege za 747-8 za Boeing zidzakhala ndege yoyamba yoperekedwa kwa Pulezidenti wa United States, mwinamwake kudzathamanga ndi purezidenti kuyambira mu 2024.
Pulezidenti wosankhidwa Donald Trump adakamba nkhani posakhalitsa pambuyo pa chisankho cha 2016 poitana Boeing kuti apereke ndalama zambiri za 747-8 ndipo adalamula kuti ntchitoyo iwonongeke. Posakhalitsa, Boeing adalengeza kuti adadzipereka kuti asamalire ndalama ndipo sangapitirire ndalama zokwana madola 4 miliyoni monga Trump ananeneratu.
Padakali pano, Trump ndipo mwinamwake wolowa m'malo mwake ayenera kukhazikika pa 747-200 (kapena Trump's own 757), kupatula ku ukalamba wa ndege ndi mavuto ogwirizanitsa nawo, sichikhazikitsidwa.
Mphepo ya 89 ya Airlift
Pulogalamu ya Pulezidenti iwiri ya 747-200s ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 89th Airlift Mapiko ku Joint Base Andrews ku Maryland, komwe gulu lokonzekera nkhondo la anthu oposa 1,000 likonzekera ndipo likukonzekera kuyendetsa galimoto ndi a VIP ena. ntchito zoyendetsa. Purezidenti akamayenda, amatha kuyenda ndi ndege zina zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo C-17 kapena C-130s, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi pulezidenti kuti azitenga zinthu zokhudzana ndi chitetezo, katundu, zipangizo komanso anthu onse oyenera kuwathandiza.
The 747-200
Panopa ndege zamtundu wa Air Force imodzi zimaphatikizapo ndege ziwiri za Boeing 747-200 zomwe zinayambanso kuchoka mu mzere mu 1990 zokonzedweratu kwa Pulezidenti wa United States, yemwe panthawiyo anali George HW Bush. Kupanga kwa 747 komweku kunali kochititsa chidwi kwambiri m'ma 1960, ndege yoyamba 747 inamangidwa m'miyezi 16 yokha ndipo inali ndege yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse panthawiyo. Anamangidwanso kuti akhale m'malo mwake, Boeing 707, yomwe inali kumapeto kwa moyo wake wonse. Ndi ndege zoposa 1,500 zogulitsidwa, 747 ndi ndege yopambana kwambiri mpaka lero.
Zamkatimu
Chipangizo cha 747-200B chimapereka malo oposa 4,000 m'kati mwake ndipo chimaphatikizapo chipinda cha msonkhano, chipinda chodyera, malo ogona a pulezidenti, malo ogwira ntchito kwa abungwe, komanso malo okwera anthu 100 komanso ogwira ntchito.
Mkati mwa Air Force One ndidongosolo lachipatala lomwe lingasandulike kukhala opaleshoni yopaleshoni. Ndipo, monga momwe mungagwirizire, dokotala ali pabwalo ndipo ali wokonzeka kutumikira nthawi zonse.
Kunja
Ndege ya 747-200B imayendetsedwa ndi injini zinayi za General Electric CF6-80C2B1 - banja la injini yosankhidwa kuti ligwire DC-10, Airbus 310, Boeing 767, ndi Galaxy C5 Galaxy, ndipo imawerengedwa kwa ETOPS 180 . Magetsi a CF6 pa 747-200B amawerengedwa kuti apereke mapaundi 56,700 omwe amayendetsedwa.
Pulezidenti wa 747 ali ndi zipangizo ziwiri zam'mbuyo zam'mbuyo ndi zambuyo, komanso katundu wonyamula katundu. Kusiyana kwina kwakukulu pakati pa 747 ndi ena ndikuti Air Force One ili ndi mphamvu yothawira ndege, yopereka malire osalekeza, ndi kuonetsetsa kuti pulezidenti wathu akhoza kukhala ndi mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya panthawi yonse yofunikira.
Flight Deck
Chimodzi mwa zofunikira kwambiri pakati pa Air Force Mmodzi mwa mitundu 747 yokhazikika komanso "7000" kuchokera pa mzerewu ndi kayendedwe ka ndege ndi ma electronics, omwe amapereka chitetezo chokwanira kwa purezidenti.
Zida zamagetsi zam'kati zimakhala zovuta kuti zisawonongeke ndi magetsi a magetsi ochokera ku nyukiliya. Ndipo ndegeyi ili ndi zipangizo zamakono kwambiri, zogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono, zomwe zimapereka pulogalamu ya foni ya pulezidenti panthawi yofunikira.
Malinga ndi buku lina, pali matelefoni 85 ndi ma TV 19 omwe ali pa Air Force One, pamodzi ndi makina osiyanasiyana a fax, makompyuta, ma radio awiri komanso mwinamwake mafoni a m'manja.
Zambiri zomwe zili pa Air Force One zimakhala zowerengedwa, koma mungathe kunena kuti ndegeyi ili ndi zida zankhondo, zida zowonongeka, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zogwiritsa ntchito pamtunda , pamodzi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njira zothandizira kuthana ndi mavuto, kuonetsetsa kuti pulezidenti akukonzekera chilichonse chodzidzimutsa chotheka.
Mafotokozedwe:
| Kutalika | 231 ft, 10 mkati |
| Kutalika | 63 ft, 5 mkati |
| Wingspan | 195 ft, 8 mkati |
| Max Speed | 630mph (0,92 MACH) |
| Kudenga | 45,100 ft |
| ONANI | 833,000 lbs |
| Mtundu | 7,800 nm |
| Ogwira ntchito | 30 |
| Oyenda | 71 |
| Mphamvu ya mafuta | 53, 611 gal |
(gwero: www.af.mil)
The Air Force One
Pambuyo pofotokoza ndalama zowonjezera zowonongeka ndi kuwonjezera nthawi yopuma ndege, Air Force ikufuna Air Force One, ndipo adasankhiranso Boeing monga kampani yomwe idzapereke wotsatila ndege zamakono 747-200B. Ndege zamakono 747 zikuyandikira ziyembekezero za moyo wawo, ndipo malinga ndi wogwira ntchito wina wogwira ntchito ku ndege, zikuvuta kwambiri kuti zisamalire ndi kusamalira ukalamba wa 747-200B. Ndege yatsopano yakhazikitsidwa kale: The 747-8.
Ndege yodabwitsa kwambiri idzapereka pulezidenti ndi ndege zowonjezereka komanso zogwira mtima ndipo zidzasonyeza kuti Boeing wazaka za m'ma 200 apereka ndege kwa Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa United States of America.
The 747-8 idzatulutsa matani 16 osachepera mpweya wa carbon dioxide paulendo kuposa ulendo wa 747-200 ndipo adzawuluka makilomita 1,000 kutalika. Idzayenda mofulumira kwambiri kuposa -200 model, koma pa 0.855 Mach (poyerekeza ndi Machani 0.84), mawonekedwe atsopano adzakhala ndege yowonongeka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
The -8 imakhala ndi mapiko aatali kuposa mamita makumi atatu, ndipo imakhala yaitali mamita 18, ndipo imakhala yolemera kwambiri, pamapiri 987,000 mmalo mwa mapaundi 833,000.
Air Force ndi Boeing onse akuyembekeza kuti 747-8 idzakhale yokonzeka chaka cha 2024. Zikudziwika kuti zakhala zikuposa bajeti, zomwe zinanenedwa kuti zakhazikitsidwa pa $ 1.16 biliyoni pambuyo pa kusintha konse. Mtengo wa malonda 747-8 ogulitsa ndi pafupifupi madola 370 miliyoni. Mu December, Purezidenti wosankhidwa Donald Trump adakakamiza Boeing, akuopseza kuti awonetsere kuti awiri, mwina ndege zitatu, ndege 747-8, akukamba za kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zikugwirizana ndi polojekitiyo. Iye adalemba izi:
"Boeing ikukumanga 747 Air Force One kuti ikhale a pulezidenti amtsogolo, koma ndalama zilibe mphamvu, zoposa $ 4 biliyoni. Sungani dongosolo! "- Anatero Donald Trump
Zomwe ndondomeko za pulogalamuyi sizinayambe zatsimikiziridwa, koma ovomerezeka a Boeing akunena kuti kuchotsa lamuloli kungakhale kulakwitsa kwakukulu. Trump akuti akumana ndi Boeing mu December kuti akambirane kuchepetsa mtengo wogwirizana ndi pulogalamuyi.