Njira Zogwirira Ntchito Kwa Ogwira Ntchito - Kusankha Zochita Malinga ndi Mkhalidwewo
Ngati mukufuna kukhala mtsogoleri wogwira ntchito-amene akuthandizira pazochitika zonse zofunikira-udindo uyenera kusintha malinga ndi momwe mukudziyang'anira.
Atsogoleri ogwira ntchito kwambiri amatha kusintha njira zawo mosavuta komanso molimbika.
Njira Yanu Yogwirira Ntchito Ndi Mkhalidwe Wathu
Machitidwe anu oyendetsa maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe malinga ndi zifukwa zingapo. Ndondomeko ya kasamalidwe yomwe mumasankha kuigwiritsa ntchito nthawi iliyonse imadalira pazifukwa izi.
- zomwe mukuyang'anira,
- zochitika, msinkhu, ndi moyo wautali wa wogwira ntchitoyo,
- chikhulupiliro chanu ndi wogwira ntchito,
- ubale wanu ndi wantchito yemwe ali ndi udindo pa ntchito,
- zoyamba za dipatimenti kapena bungwe limene mukugwira ntchito,
- chikhalidwe chofala cha bungwe lanu komanso ngati mukugwirizana ndi chikhalidwe ,
- ndondomeko za antchito ndi ndondomeko zofalitsidwa ndi Dipatimenti ya Anthu, komanso
- Zomwe mwakumana nazo komanso mndandanda wa chitonthozo pogwiritsa ntchito mafashoni osiyanasiyana oyendetsa polojekiti osiyanasiyana komanso m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Ndondomeko yanu yoyendetsera kayendedwe ka maonekedwe ndi chithunzi cha nzeru zanu za anthu otsogolera .
Zimasonyezanso zomwe mumayendera komanso zomwe mumazikhulupirira m'njira zochepa chabe. Machitidwe anu oyang'anira maonekedwe amasonyeza zomwe mumakhulupirira zokhudzana ndi anthu komanso momwe mumagwirira antchito.
Chitsanzo cha Mtundu wa Machitidwe
Mtsogoleri wodalirika ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe angagwiritse ntchito malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
Zonsezi zikuphatikizapo momwe mlangizi angasankhire olemba ntchito pakupanga zisankho. Zojambula zamalonda zimasonyezanso mgwirizano womwe ali nawo ali ndi antchito. Ndondomeko yogwiritsira ntchito kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito idzakuthandizani kuona kusiyana pakati pa njira zowonongeka zomwe zilipo
R. Tannenbaum ndi W. Schmidt (1958) ndi Sadler (1970) amapereka chitsimikizo cha kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito ndi ntchito zomwe zimaphatikizapo ntchito yowonjezera kwa antchito komanso kuchepetsa udindo kwa otsogolera pakupanga chisankho. Pulogalamuyi ikuphatikizapo machitidwe oyang'anira.
Tauzani
Izi zimadziwikanso ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka boma. Zimayimirira pamwamba, kupanga chisankho ndi zolembera zazing'ono. Auzeni momwemonso mabungwe amtundu, omwe amauza anthu otsogolera amauzidwa ndi antchito.
Momwe akufotokozera , bwanayo amapanga chisankho ndikuuza chigamulo kwa ogwira ntchito. Awuzeni ndi njira yabwino yosamalirako poyankhula za za chitetezo, malamulo ndi zigamulo za boma zomwe sizifunanso kapena kupempha ogwira ntchito ntchito. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito kalembedwe kazomwe mukulankhulana ndi munthu watsopano, wogwira ntchito.
Awuzeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza mu malo omwe ntchito ikugwiritsidwira ntchito mofulumira m'maofesi amakono.
Technology ndi kupezeka kwa nzeru m'mabungwe zasintha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zinkathandiza kupanga chisankho pazinthu zoyambirira zamakono, mabungwe a bambo awo.
Ngakhale pakupanga mafakitale ndi mafakitale, mwachizoloŵezi zofunikira za kayendedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito, ogwira ntchito tsopano akudziona kuti ali ndi ufulu wambiri komanso akugwira ntchito pakupanga zisankho.
Gulitsani
Mu kayendedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka malonda , bwanayo wapanga chisankho ndikuyesera kukopa antchito kuti chisankho chili cholondola. Bwanayo amayesetsa kupeza kudzipereka kuchokera kwa antchito pogulitsa zinthu zabwino za chisankho. Pa nthawi yogulitsa chigamulo, bwanayo angalole ogwira ntchitoyo kuti asokoneze tsatanetsatane wa chisankhocho.
Ogwira ntchito angakhudze momwe chigamulocho chikugwiritsidwira, naponso. Ndani adzachita nthawi ndi nthawi kuti asunthire polojekitiyo kapena kutsogolo kwake ndizowonjezera zomwe antchito angakhudze.
Ndondomeko yogulitsa malonda imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene kudzipereka kwa ogwira ntchito ndi thandizo likufunika, koma chisankho sichiri chotseguka kwa ogwira ntchito ambiri.
Mofanana ndi kachitidwe ka kayendedwe ka kasamalidwe, zosankha zochepa zimapangidwa motere m'mabungwe amakono. Koma, uzani ndi kugulitsa maofesi otsogolera omwe amapezeka m'mabungwe omwe amawagwedeza m'maganizo akale kapena oyang'anira sanagwiritsidwe ntchito pazochitika zamakono.
Ndicho, mu bungwe lirilonse, kugulitsa ndi lothandiza ngati kalembedwe kayendedwe kogwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, ogwira ntchito amaganiza kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo sali amphamvu.
Fufuzani
Pogwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito , bwanayo akupempha wogwira ntchito kuti alowe mu chisankho koma amakhalabe ndi udindo wopanga chisankho chomaliza. Chinthu chofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka ntchito ndikudziwitsa antchito, kumapeto kwa zokambirana, kuti zowonjezera zawo zitheke, koma kuti mtsogoleriyo apange chisankho chomaliza.
Pamene ogwira ntchito akufunsidwa kuti athandizidwe ndikuwona kuti zopereka zawo sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo sizinakhudze chisankhocho, mumangokonza mwamsanga ntchito yosokoneza ntchito .
Uwu ndiwo msinkhu wokhudzidwa umene ungapangitse wosakhutira kwambiri ndi antchito pamene zifukwa za chisankho siziwonekera. Kuwonjezera apo, kuti apambane, bwanayo ayenera kufotokoza chifukwa chake ntchito yowonjezera inali yosagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Anthu sangatsutsane ndi zochita zomwe abwana amasankha, koma malinga ngati zomwe akuwunika zikuwongedwa, ndipo akudziwa kuti zimaganiziridwa bwino, zimatha kupitirira.
Ngati bwanayo atagwira ntchito yabwino yogulitsa chigamulo, amatha kuwathandiza. Chimene sichimatha ndikumverera ngati momwe amathandizira ndi ndemanga zawo zimalowa mumdima wakuda. Amakhala achinyengo komanso safuna kupereka chithandizo panthawi yomwe abwana akufuna zosowa zawo ndi maganizo awo.
Lowani
Mu gulu loyang'anira gululo, bwanayo akuitana antchito kuti amuthandize kupanga chisankho. Bwanayo akuganiza kuti mawu ake akufanana ndi ogwira ntchito pakupanga chisankho. Inu mukukhala palimodzi patebulo lomwelo ndipo liwu lirilonse ndilofunikira pa chisankho.
Chigwirizano chogwiritsira ntchito chogwirira ntchito chimakhala chogwira ntchito pamene abwana amangadi mgwirizano ndi kudzipereka pa chisankho. Woyang'anirayo ayenera kukhalanso wokonzeka kusunga mphamvu zake zofanana ndi zomwe antchito ena omwe amapereka zowonjezera amachita. Mgwirizano wowonjezera umagwira ntchito nthawi zonse pamene abwana akufuna kugawana ulamuliro.
Mukamagwiritsira ntchito kalembedwe kogwirizanitsa, muyenera kuzindikira zinthu zabwino za kalembedwe. Mofanana ndi zofunika, muyenera kumvetsa zovuta. Pazitsulo zabwino, kujambilana kwa kayendedwe kowonjezera kumapangitsa kudzipereka kwakukulu ku umwini ndi ogwira ntchito ogwira ntchito zomwe zasankhidwa. Bwanayo sadzafunika kugulitsa malingaliro ake kapena kuwauza antchito choti achite.
Pachigawo chotsatira, kufikira mgwirizanowo wogwirizana pa chisankho kumatenga nthawi yochuluka. Izi zimafuna antchito kuti athe kutenga nawo mbali pazokangana za njirayi , zomwe antchito ambiri sali okonzeka kuchita, ndi chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe, kapena maphunziro. Komabe, cholinga chosagwiriridwa kapena njira yosavomerezeka sizowonjezera.
Mabungwe ambiri omwe alipo tsopano amalimbikitsira kalembedwe kayendedwe ka gulu lothandizira pokhapokha ngati n'kotheka, koma mvetserani malingaliro enieni abwino ndi olakwika a mawonekedwe otsogolera otsogolera pakupanga zisankho.
Kuwonjezera pa Model Management Style
Kuti mupange chitsanzo, sitepe yoyenera ikufunika. Onjezerani zotsatirazi ku mitundu yoyamba ya kupanga zisankho:
Ugawidwe
Mu ndondomeko yosamalira nthumwi , meneja akutembenuza chisankho kwa antchito. Chinsinsi cha nthumwi zabwino kwambiri ndi kugawana njira yovuta ndi antchito omwe asankha mfundo zomwe mukufuna zolemba ndi kusinthidwa kuchokera kwa antchito.
Muyenera kuzindikira ndi kulankhulana njira zovuta kumayambiriro kwa polojekiti kotero kuti wogwira ntchitoyo asamve ngati kuti mukufuna kupha kapena kuika patsogolo ntchito yake.
Nthawi zonse pangani ndondomeko yowonongetsa njirayi ndi ndondomekoyi mu ndondomekoyi. Kuti apereke maulendo apambane, abwana amayenera kugawana nawo "chithunzithunzi choyambirira" chomwe ali nacho chotsatira cha zotsatirazi.
Sikoyenera kunyenga wogwira ntchito amene amamva kuti ali ndi mphamvu. Iye sangakhululukire inu ndipo adzazengereza kulandira nthumwi yanu yotsatira. Nazi zambiri za nthumwi .
Ndondomeko yanu yoyendetsera ntchito ikuyenera kuwonetsa mkhalidwe wa momwe mukuyang'anira. Zidzasonyeza malingaliro anu enieni ndi bizinesi ndi ubale umene muli nawo ndi antchito omwe akukufotokozerani. Mungathe kusintha kasitomala anu otsogolera kuti musankhe zochita zabwino komanso malo abwino ogwira ntchito.
Zolemba: Tannenbaum, R. ndi Schmidt, W. Mmene Mungasankhire Chitsanzo cha Utsogoleri . Harvard Business Review, 1958, 36, 95-101.