Mbiri ya Ndondomeko za Asilikali Othandiza Omwe Amagonana ndi Amuna Kapena Akazi Achiwerewere
Kuyambira kale, asilikali a ku United States anali ndi lamulo losagwirizana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha m'gulu la asilikali. Asanayambe Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko lonse, panalibe malamulo olepheretsa anthu ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kuti asatumikire, ngakhale kuti kusamvana kunkawoneka kuti ndi mlandu ndi malamulo a usilikali (UCMJ) kuyambira nthawi ya nkhondo ya Revolutionary.
Mfundo Zogonana Amuna Kapena Akazi Amuna Kapena Akazi Amuna Kapena Akazi Okhaokha
Panthawi ya nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse, nkhondo ya ku Korea, ndi nkhondo ya ku Vietnam, asilikali ankanena kuti kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi vuto la kugonana komanso kulepheretsa anthu ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kuti asatumikire.
Komabe, pamene ogwira ntchito akufunika kuwonjezeka chifukwa cholimbana, asilikali anakhazikitsa chizoloŵezi chotsitsimutsa njira zake zoyesera. Amuna ndi akazi ambiri ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwaulemu panthawi ya mikanganoyi. Mwatsoka, nthawi iyi inali yaifupi. Mwamsanga pamene kufunika kolimbana ndi asilikali kunachepetsedwa, asilikaliwo akanawamasula mwadzidzidzi.
1982 - Complete Ban of Gays mu Msilikali
Mpaka mu 1982, Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo inalembetsa kuti "kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kunali kosagwirizana ndi ntchito ya usilikali," pamene adafalitsa malangizo a DOD omwe akunena motero. Malingana ndi lipoti la 1992 la Government Accounting Office, pafupifupi amuna ndi akazi okwana 17,000 anatulutsidwa pansi pa lamulo latsopanoli m'ma 1980.
Kubadwa kwa "Usapemphe, Usanene" 1993
Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, kutsutsana ndi ndondomeko ya asilikali kunkaoneka ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa ovomerezeka a ufulu wokhudzana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Amuna ambiri azimuna ndi azimuna omwe adagonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha adatuluka pagulu ndipo adatsutsa mwamphamvu ntchito zawo mwalamulo.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1993, zinawoneka kuti ntchito ya usilikali yogonana ndi amuna okhaokha idzawonongedwa posakhalitsa.
Pulezidenti Clinton adalengeza kuti akufuna kulonjeza lonjezo lake pochotsa chisankho cha nkhondo chozikidwa pa chiwerewere. Koma, izi sizinachite bwino ndi Congress.
Atsogoleri a Congression akuopseza kuti apereke malamulo omwe angadziteteze amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kuti atumikire ngati Clinton atapereka lamulo lolamulira kusintha ndondomekoyi.
Pambuyo pa mpikisano wautali wautali ndi misonkhano, Purezidenti ndi Senator Sam Nunn, omwe ali pulezidenti wa komiti ya Senate Armed Services, adagwirizana ndi zomwe adalemba kuti Musapemphe, Musanene, Musatsatire. Potsatira malamulo ake, asilikali sapemphedwa za kugonana kwawo ndipo sangamasulidwe chifukwa chogonana. Komabe kugonana, kapena kukonda zibwenzi ndi amuna omwe ali amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kapena kuwuza aliyense za kugonana kwawo kumatengedwa kuti ndi "khalidwe la kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha" pansi pa lamuloli ndipo ndilo chifukwa chokhalira mwachangu. Izi ndizodziwika ngati lamulo lakuti "Musafunse, Musati Muwuuze" ndipo inakhala Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo.
Kusintha kwa Nthaŵi ya Sosaite ndi Asilikali
Panthawiyo, atsogoleri ambiri a asilikali ndi achinyamata omwe analembedwera (omwe ankakakamizika kukhala kumalo osungirako nyumba pamodzi ndi wokhala naye) anawona malingaliro oyenera okhudza kulola amuna okhaokha kuti azitumikira msilikali. Koma maganizo a anthu adasintha kudutsa zaka makumi awiri zotsatira. Pofika chaka cha 2010, achinyamata ambiri adalemba (omwe akuyenera kukhala mumsasa), lero, sanaone cholakwika ndi kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndipo sangasokonezeke ndi kutumikira ndi omwe amadziwa kuti ndi amuna okhaokha.
Kupewa Kufunsa Osanena 2010
Mu December 2010, Nyumba ndi Senate inavomereza pofuna kubwezeretsa ndi kubwezeretsa ndondomeko yotchedwa "Musapemphe, musanene." Pulezidenti Obama adasintha lamulo limeneli pa December 22, 2010. Mtunduwu unaganiza kuti pa September 20, 2011, amuna kapena akazi okhaokha sakanakhalanso ndi mantha chifukwa chogonjera usilikali povomereza kuti akufuna kugonana. Anthu ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ali ndi ufulu wochita nawo mfuti momasuka.
Atumiki opitirira 13,000 ndi abambo adamasulidwa kuti akhale amzawo, koma osapempha, musanene kuti ndondomekoyi inali yowona. Kubwezeretsa kwachititsa anthu ambiri kuyesa ndikulembanso. Amuna ndi akazi ambiri omwe akhala akutumikira anatuluka kuchokera kuchipinda pazofalitsa zosiyanasiyana. Mabungwe ndi magulu ambiri omwe amathandiza asilikali achigawenga ndi azimayi omwe adagonjetsa amuna ndi akazi omwe adagonjetsedwa ndi magulu awo ankhondo adakonzeratu ndikukonzekeretsa misonkhano yowonongeka ndi asilikali.
Kuzindikila Maukwati Omwe Amagonana
Potsatira chigamulo cha Supreme Court chomwe chinapangitsa kuti Chitetezo cha Ukwati chichitike m'chaka cha 2013, Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo inalengeza kuti idzapindulitsa maukwati a amuna kapena akazi okhaokha omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zomwe zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe zaperekedwa kwa mabanja apabanja.
Malamulo a Transgender Aperekedwa 2016
Chigawo china chinadutsa pamene ntchito yoletsedwa ndi anthu osiyana ndi akuluakulu a usilikali anachotsedwa pa July 1, 2016. Ngakhale kuti mu ulamuliro wa chaka chino mu 2017, Pulezidenti adanena kuti cholinga chake ndi kulola abambo ndi amai osakhulupirika kuti asatumikire mu usilikali. Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo sanasinthe ndondomeko yawo pazoletsedwa.
Ndili ndi zovuta zambiri zokhudza anthu, asilikali akhala akutsogolera m'mbiri yonse. Kuchokera kwa amayi omwe akutumikira pa maudindo omenyana, kusankhana ndi ufulu wa anthu, kuti alole gulu la LGBT kukhala mmagulu awo, asilikali amatha zaka 10-20 kutsogolo kwa dziko la America kuthetsa tsankho. Sungakhale dongosolo langwiro nthawi yambiri, koma gawo la anthu omwe ndi asilikali ku United States ndi ochepetsetsa komanso omvetsetsa kuposa dziko lonse lapansi ndi nkhani zina zotsutsana.