Mbalame zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri kwa oyendetsa ndege ndi oyendetsa ndege. Malinga ndi FAA, zakhala zikuchitika 142,000 za nyama zakutchire (97 peresenti zomwe zinali chifukwa cha mbalame) ndi ndege ku United States pakati pa 1990 ndi 2013, kupha anthu 25 ndikuvulaza 279 zina. Kuyambira mu 1988, anthu okwana 255 aphedwa chifukwa cha kugwidwa kwa mbalame. Ngakhale kuti mbalame zakhalabe zoopsa kwambiri, zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri kuti FAA ndi magulu ena ogwira ntchito akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti athetse.
Chozizwitsa pa Hudson
Mwina ngozi yowonongeka kwambiri yomwe ikuchitika chifukwa cha mbalame ndi US Airways Flight 1549 , yomwe inalowa mumtsinje wa Hudson pakangopita mphindi ziwiri kuchokera ku LaGuardia. A320, yoyendetsedwa ndi Chelsey "Sully" Sullenberger, anadziŵa kulephera kwa injini ziwiri atagunda mbalame. Ndegeyo inkayenda bwino mumtsinje wa Hudson, ndipo onse omwe anali m'bwalolo anapulumuka. US Airways Flight 1549 ndi nkhani yochititsa chidwi chifukwa zomwe ochita nawo ntchito anachita kuti apulumutse miyoyo ya onse omwe ali m'bwalo la ndege, koma kugwidwa kwa mbalame sikunali kofala, ndipo ndege zambiri zimawonongeka chaka chilichonse mbalame zikuwulukira. Ku US yokha muli chaka chilichonse pafupifupi zikwi 10,000 za nyama zakutchire, zomwe zimawononga madola mamiliyoni ambiri kuwononga ndege.
Kodi mbalame ikugunda chiyani?
Mbalame ikugunda ndi pamene mbalame ikugunda ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi munthu chopangidwa ndi ndege kapena helikopta.
Mbalame zimagwera nthawi zambiri paulendo wotsika, kutengako, ndi kumtunda. Kugunda kwa mbalame kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ndege ndipo ikalowa, injini ya ndege kapena injini. Mitundu yambiri ya mbalame imaphatikizapo atsekwe kapena ziphuphu, ndipo zambiri, popanda kufa, zimawononga kwambiri ndegeyo ndi / kapena injini zake.
N'chifukwa chiyani mbalame zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri ku ndege?
Malingana ndi Bird Strike Komiti ya USA, chiwerengero cha mbalame zikugwera chaka chilichonse. Mbalame kugunda ndege ingapangitse kuti izi zisawonongeke, ndipo nthawi zambiri sizingakumane ndi ngozi kapena zovulaza kwa anthu ogwira ntchito. Koma malinga ndi kukula kwake kwa mbalame ndi kumene zimakhudza ndege, zowonongeka zimatha kuchoka ku doko laling'ono kupita ku mphepo yotsekedwa kapena injini yangwiro yolephera. Pankhani ya US Airways Flight 1549, kuwonongeka kumakhudza ngakhale injini imodzi, ndipo ngakhale kuti sikokwanira, kungayambitse ndege yowuluka kapena kuthamanga kwa mphamvu.
Kodi chikuchitika chiyani kuti awateteze?
Utsogoleri wa zinyama zakutchire ndi mbali yogwira ntchito ya kayendedwe ka ndege. Ndege zimathandiza kwambiri kuti mbalame ndi nyama zina zakutchire zichoke m'mabwalo a ndege kudzera m'malo osungirako nyama monga kuchotsa mitengo, kudula udzu wochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito mkokomo waukulu monga nyanga, ndi kulengeza mbalame zamphongo, zomwe zingakhale ngati zowonongeka kuti zisawononge ziweto kapena atsekwe.
Kuwonjezera pa mapulogalamu oyendetsa ndege zakutchire, FAA ili ndi ndondomeko yowonongeka kwa zinyama zomwe zimayang'ana kutsogolera, kufufuza ndi kufalitsa kuphunzitsa oyang'anira ndege ndi oyendetsa magalimoto ku zinyama.
Gulu lina lotchedwa Bird Strike Committee USA likutsogoleredwa ndi komiti yoyendetsa ntchito kuphatikizapo anthu ochokera ku FAA, Dipatimenti ya Ulimi ku United States, Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo ndi mabungwe a boma ndi apadera. Mbalame Strike USA imapereka chuma ndipo imalimbikitsa kugaŵana kwa chidziwitso chokhudza kugunda kwa mbalame ku US
Dipatimenti ya Usilikali ya ku United States, pamodzi ndi US Air Force ndi FAA, yasonkhanitsa mabungwe kuti apange Avian Hazard Advisory System, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito Mbalame Yopewera Mbalame kuti ione momwe mbalame zimayendera pangozi m'mabwalo ena a ndege ndi m'misewu yapamwamba yophunzitsa asilikali.
Pomalizira, Pulogalamu Yopewera Ndege / Zinyama Zowonongeka (BASH) ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Air Force ndi Navy kuti athe kuchepetsa ngozi za mbalame.