Pezani Zambiri Za Ntchito pa Zochita, Salary, ndi Zambiri
Ntchito
Ntchito ya mlimi amatha kudya, kuveketsa ubweya, kupereka mankhwala pamlomo kapena kupyolera mu jekeseni, kusunga nyumba zaulimi ndi mipanda, kuyang'anira nkhosa chifukwa cha zizindikiro za matenda kapena matenda, kuthandizira ndi kubadwa kovuta, ndi kusamalira zinyalala. Amakhalanso ndi udindo wogulitsa nyama zawo kuti azidyetsa nyama kapena obweya wa nkhosa, kutumiza nyama ku malonda kapena kuwonetsera mphete, kukolola udzu kapena zokolola zina, ndi kusunga zipangizo zaulimi.
Alimi amphawi amagwira ntchito ndi ziweto zazikulu kuti zikhale ndi thanzi la nkhosa zawo kudzera mu pulogalamu ya ukhondo. Iwo angadalenso kudalira malangizo ochokera kwa anthu odyetsa zinyama kapena ogulitsa chakudya cha ziweto kuti azikhala ndi chakudya choyenera cha nkhosa.
Monga momwe ziliri ndi ntchito zambiri zaulimi, alimi a nkhosa angafunike kugwira ntchito maola ambiri kuphatikizapo nthawi usiku, madzulo, ndi mapeto a sabata. Ntchitoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja, kotero kutentha kwakukulu ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana zimatha. Nkofunika kuti alimi a nkhosa azitetezeka pakagwira ntchito ndi ziweto zawo kuti athetse vuto.
Zosankha za Ntchito
Alimi akuweta nkhosa akhoza kupanga nyama kapena ubweya wa nkhosa. Pali njira ziwiri zoyambilira zaulimi zopangira nyama: Ntchito zoweta nkhosa (zomwe zimaweta nkhosa pa malo odyetserako ziweto ndi kugulitsa ana awo kuti azidyetsa maere) kapena ntchito za nkhosa zamphongo (zomwe zimagula ana ndi kuzikweza ku kulemera koyenera kupha).
Nkhosa zamphongo zafalikira podziwika ndipo zimatsimikizira kuti ndizopindulitsa kwambiri. Amalandira mapeyala amadziwika kuti ndi theka la ndalama zokhazokha.
Zinyama zimachokera ku zinyama zochepa kupita ku zinyama zikwi zambiri, koma chikhalidwe chazolowera ndikugwirizanitsa ntchito zochepa kuti zikhale zikuluzikulu.
Malingana ndi deta yomwe idatengedwa ndi USDA, mayiko akuluakulu omwe amapanga nkhosa ndi Texas ndi California, ndi minda yambiri ya ku United States yomwe imakhala m'madera a Pacific, Southern Plains, ndi Mountain.
Alimi ambiri amphawi amayang'anira nkhosa zawo nthawi imodzi ndipo amakhala ndi nthawi yambiri mu mafakitale ena, koma n'zotheka kuti minda ikuluikulu ikhale yokhazikika.
Maphunziro & Maphunziro
Alimi ambiri amphaka ali ndi diploma ya pasukulu ya sekondale pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale chiŵerengero chowonjezereka chapeza madigiri a koleji mu sayansi ya zinyama , ulimi, kapena gawo lofanana. Maphunziro a madigiriziwa nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo maphunziro a zinyama, zoweta nkhosa, sayansi ya nyama, kubereka, ma genetic, anatomy, physiology, zakudya, malingaliro, kayendetsedwe ka ulimi, ulimi wamakono, luso lamakono, ndi malonda.
Alimi ambiri a nkhosa zamtsogolo amayamba ndi kutenga nawo mbali pazinthu za achinyamata monga Future Farmers of America (FFA) kapena ma clubs 4-H. Mabungwewa amalola ana kugwiritsira ntchito zoweta zosiyanasiyana zakutchire komanso kutenga nawo mbali pa ziweto. Alimi ena omwe akufuna kukhala ndi nkhosa amapereka chithandizo pa ulimi wawo.
Alimi amphaka angapeze mwayi wowonjezera wophunzira ndi wogwiritsira ntchito kudzera mu mamembala m'mabungwe ogwira ntchito monga a American Sheep Industry Association (ASIA), mabungwe osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi mitundu, komanso mabungwe ambiri a nkhosa omwe amagwirizana ndi mayiko kapena mayiko padziko lonse lapansi.
Misonkho
Kafukufuku wa posachedwapa wa Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) adawonetsa kuti oyang'anira ntchito zaulimi ndi akulima amapeza ndalama zokwana madola 60,750 pachaka ($ 29.21 ola lililonse) mwezi wa May 2010. Ochepa pa 10 peresenti adalandira ndalama zosakwana $ 29,280 ndipo 10 peresenti ya ndalama zoposa $ 106,980 . Ndalama za alimi zimasiyana mosiyana ndi chakudya, kusintha kwa nyengo, ndi mtengo wa nyama kapena ubweya pamsika.
Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wa Dipatimenti ya Ulimi ya Economic Research Service (USDA / ERS) ya United States akuganiza kuti padzakhala kuchepa kwapakati pa 3.8 peresenti ya malonda a nkhosa ndi nkhosa za chaka cha 2012, zomwe zingakhudzidwe ndi ndalama za mlimi.
Maganizo a Ntchito
A BLS amaneneratu kuti padzakhala kuchepa pang'ono pa mwayi wa mwayi wogwira ntchito kwa oyimilira a famu ndi a ranch (pafupifupi 8 peresenti).
Izi zikugwirizana ndi kusuntha kulimbikitsa makampani, popeza ogulitsa ang'onoang'ono amagulidwa ndi ntchito zazikulu zamalonda.
Makampani opanga nkhosa akhalabe olimba ngakhale kuti pakadali pano mavuto azachuma, monga momwe zakudya zamagetsi zimagwirira ntchito mosalekeza. Zina zowonjezera nyama zakutchire zasonyeza kuchepa kwa zaka zaposachedwapa. Mtengo wa Mwanawankhosa unalembedwa kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2010.
Nsalu zamakono zinalinso ndi mbiri yapamwamba mu 2011, ndi mtengo wokwana pounds imodzi yomwe imabwera pa $ 1.67, yokhala madola 48.9 miliyoni mu chiwongoladzanja chaka cha 2011 chosiyana ndi $ 35 miliyoni pa ndalama za chaka chotsatira.