Kuyendetsa Galimoto Yowopsa: Pali Mndandanda wa Zimenezo!
Monga oyendetsa ndege, timakonda ma checklist. Choncho n'zosadabwitsa kuti pali mndandanda wodzifufuza kuti muthandize oyendetsa ndege kuti adziŵe thanzi lawo ndi thanzi lawo lisanayambe kuthawa.
Ndine Wosunga Mndandanda Akuphunzitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa maphunziro oyendetsa ndege ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito yonse ya woyendetsa ndege kuti azindikire kukonzekera kwawo kuthawa pankhani ya matenda, mankhwala, nkhawa, mowa, kutopa, ndi kutengeka.
01 I - Matenda
Kuwonjezera apo, FAR 91.3 imanena kuti woyendetsa ndegeyo ndi amene amayang'anira ntchito yoyendetsa ndegeyo. Woyendetsa ndege yekhayo ndi amene amachititsa kuti thanzi lake likhale labwino asanayambe kulamulira.
Kuzizira, kudwala, ndi matenda ena odwala kungayambitse mavuto oyendetsa ndege. Kuchokera ku chisonkhezero cha sinus kupita ku malaise ambiri, oyendetsa ndege angathe kukhala pangozi yaikulu kuti ndegeyo isamangidwe kusiyana ndi chuma.
Asanayambe kuwuluka, oyendetsa ndege ayenera kuganizira za matenda atsopano kapena amasiku ano omwe angawononge ndege. Pambuyo kutsokomola ndi kupopera, woyendetsa ndege angamve bwino kuti apulumuke koma angakhalebe ndi vuto loyendetsa Valsalva, mwachitsanzo, lomwe limagwirizanitsa kukakamizika mkati mwa makutu ake.
02 M - Mankhwala
Ndi matenda, zimakhala zomveka bwino pamene woyendetsa ndege amayenera kapena asawuluke. Koma ndi matenda amabwera mankhwala, ndipo mankhwala onse ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi woyendetsa ndegeyo ndi dokotalayo asanayambe. Mankhwala ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala ndi oopsa angakhale oopsa kwa woyendetsa ndege asanayambe kuwuluka.
Ngati mankhwala ndi ofunikira, oyendetsa ndege amayenera kukambirana za zotsatira za mankhwala ndi wofufuza zamankhwala kuti aone ngati zimayambitsa matenda kapena maganizo omwe angasokoneze chitetezo cha ndege. Ndiye, oyendetsa ndege amayenera kudziwa zotsatira zotsalira za mankhwala osakhalitsa komanso a nthawi yayitali. Ngakhalenso mankhwala atatha, zotsatira zake zingakhalebe m'thupi kwa nthawi ndithu.
Ndiye muyenera kuyembekezera nthawi yaitali bwanji mutamwa mankhwala? Izi zimadalira mankhwala enieni, koma FAA imalimbikitsa kuyembekezera mpaka nthawi zisanu zapitazo zatha. Ngati mankhwala amwedwa kamodzi patsiku, mwachitsanzo, mungayembekezere masiku asanu musanayambe kuwuluka.
03 S - Kupanikizika
Kusokonezeka maganizo kwa thupi ndikovuta. Zimachokera ku kutopa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukhala opanda mawonekedwe kapena kusintha nthawi, kutchula ochepa. Zizolowezi zoperewera, matenda, ndi matenda ena amthupi akuphatikizidwanso m'gulu lino.
Kupanikizika kwa chilengedwe kumachokera kumalo omwe akuzungulira ndipo kumaphatikizapo zinthu monga kutentherera kapena kuzizira, kutaya mpweya wokwanira kapena mpweya waukulu.
Maganizo a maganizo angakhale ovuta kuzindikira. Izi zimaphatikizapo nkhawa, chikhalidwe ndi maganizo ndi kutopa. Maganizo angayambe pazifukwa zambiri monga kusudzulana, mavuto a m'banja, mavuto azachuma kapena kusintha nthawi.
Vuto laling'ono likhoza kukhala chinthu chabwino, chifukwa limapangitsa oyendetsa ndege kuti azidziŵa bwino komanso zala. Koma nkhawa ingagwirizane ndikukhudza ntchito. Komanso, aliyense amathetsa nkhawa mosiyana. Gwero la nkhawa kwa munthu mmodzi lingakhale vuto lokondweretsa kwa munthu wina. Ndikofunikira kuti oyendetsa ndege apitirize kuzindikira ndi kuyesa zovuta zawo kuti athe kuchepetsa chiopsezo.
04 A - Mowa
Malamulo oyandikana ndi kumwa mowa pamene akuuluka akuwonekera bwino: FAR 91.17 imaletsa kumwa mowa mkati mwa maola asanu ndi atatu asanayambe kuwuluka, pamene akumwa mowa, kapena ali ndi zakumwa zamagazi za00% kapena zazikulu. FAA imalimbikitsa kuti oyendetsa ndege azidikirira maola 24 pambuyo pa kumwa kuti apite kumbuyo.
Woyendetsa ndege ayenera kukumbukira kuti angathe kutsatira "maola 8 kuchokera ku botolo kupita ku khoti" koma sakuyenera kuyenda. Mbalamezi zimakhala zoopsa pakhomo, komanso zimakhala zofanana ndi kuledzera kapena kudwala: Nthema, kusanza, kutopa kwambiri, mavuto okhudza, chizungulire, ndi zina zotero.
05 F - Kutopa
Kutopa kwa oyendetsa ndi vuto lalikulu kuti athetse vutoli, monga kutopa kumakhudza aliyense mosiyana. Anthu ena amatha kuchita bwino ndi kugona pang'ono; Ena samakhala bwino ngakhale osagona maola khumi usiku uliwonse. Palibe njira zamankhwala zothetsera vutoli ndi oyendetsa ndege - woyendetsa aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi udindo wodziwa zolephera zake.
Zotsatira za kutopa ndizowonjezera, kutanthauza kuti kuchepa kwazing'onoting'ono kwa nthawi kungakhale koopsa kwa oyendetsa ndege. Oyendetsa ndege amayenera kuganiziranso kusintha kwa nthawi, jet lagalimoto ndi usana / usiku kukonzekera zosankha pamene mukuyendetsa kutopa.
Ngakhale pali malamulo a FAA ndi ndondomeko za kampani kwa oyendetsa ndege amalonda kuti athetse kutopa, udindo wa chitetezo uli ndi woyendetsa yekhayo.
06 E - Emotion
Kwa anthu ena, malingaliro amatha kukhala ndi njira yakuchita mwanjira yotetezeka, yopindulitsa. Oyendetsa ndege ayenera kudzifunsa ngati ali ndi maganizo oganiza bwino asanachoke. Maganizo amatha kugonjetsedwa ndi kusungidwa nthawi zambiri, koma amatha kuukanso mosavuta, makamaka pamene akukumana ndi mavuto.
Nthaŵi zambiri, kudzipenda kotereku ndi kovuta, koma oyendetsa ndege amayenera kuyesa kuti azidziyesa okha kuti ayese khalidwe lawo ndi maganizo awo mosamala. Mwachitsanzo, ngati woyendetsa ndege akuzindikira kuti ali wokwiya modabwitsa kapena wosakwiya pamene akukonzekera kuthawa, angafune kuganiziranso zawuluka.