Lofalitsidwa 8/22/2015
Mwayi mwamvapo za kayendetsedwe koyamba koyambirira, komwe kamakonzekera momwe makampani amapangira zinthu zatsopano ndi mautumiki. Koyamba koyambira kumakhala kovuta kwambiri chifukwa anthu ambiri amadziwa momwe zimakhalira zovuta kupanga zinthu zabwino. Aliyense amadziŵa ziwerengero zosamvetsetsa zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zatsopano zomwe zikulephera.
Mtengo Wogulitsa Zamalonda
Mgwirizano wa malonda ndi imodzi mwa mfundo zofunikira kwambiri zowunikira, komabe ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zosamveka bwino.
Marc Andreesen adagwiritsa ntchito malonda omwe amagulitsidwa pamsika pomwe adanena kuti, "Mtengo wamsika umatanthawuza kukhala pamsika wabwino ndi mankhwala omwe angakhutitse msika umenewo." Izi zikuthandizani kumvetsetsa zomwe msika wogulitsa uli msinkhu, koma sungathe kuchitapo kanthu. Mungapeze nkhani zambiri zomwe zimatchula msika wogulitsa, koma iwo sapereka chitsogozo chokwanira momwe mungakwaniritsire.
Buku Lophatikizira Pulogalamu Yovomerezeka ndi Dan Olsen limapereka chitsogozo chapadera cha momwe angakwaniritsire msika wogulitsa. Bukuli limalongosola Zamalonda-Market Fit Pyramid: chitsanzo chochitapo kanthu chomwe chimamveketsa msika wogulitsa pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo zikuluzikulu zisanu. Mu chitsanzo chachikhalidwe ichi, chigawo chilichonse ndizowonjezera piramidi ndipo zimadalira m'magulu pansipa. Kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba, zigawo zisanu za Pulogalamu-Market Fit Pyramid ndizo: zomwe mumafuna kuti mutengere, zosowa zanu zosasamala, malingaliro anu, malingaliro anu, ndi zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.
Pakuyesera kufotokozera ndikupanga chipangizo chopambana, mudzakhala mukupanga ndi kukonzanso zolakwika m'madera onse asanu.
Ndondomeko Yogulitsa
Ndondomeko Yopatsa Katundu-inanenedwa mu Lean Product Playbook - ndi njira yowonongeka, yosavuta kutsatira potsatira Piramidi Yogulitsa Zamalonda.
Njirayi imakutsogolerani sequentially kupyolera pa piramidi iliyonse kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba. Zimakuthandizani kufotokoza ndi kuyesa malingaliro anu ofunikira pa chimodzi mwa zigawo zisanu zomwe zimagulitsa malonda.
Ndondomeko Yopatsa Katundu ili ndi masitepe asanu ndi limodzi:
1. Ganizirani zomwe mukufuna kuti mutengere
2. Dziwani zosowa zomwe makasitomala alibe
3. Tsatanetsani malingaliro anu
4. Tchulani zayi zomwe zilipo Zochepa Zomwe Mungagwiritse Ntchito (MVP)
5. Pangani chitsanzo chanu cha MVP
6. Yesani MVP yanu ndi makasitomala
Khwerero 1: Ganizirani zofuna zanu kasitomala
Zonsezi zimayambira ndi makasitomala omwe amawamasulira omwe potsiriza adzasankha momwe mankhwala anu amakwaniritsira zosowa zawo. Muyenera kugwiritsira ntchito gawo la msika kuti mudziwe zambiri za yemwe mukufuna chithandizo cha msika. Anthuwa ndi njira yabwino yolongosolera makasitomala anu omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti aliyense adziwe zomwe akuyenera kupanga ndi kumanga mankhwala.
Mwina simungakhale ndi tanthauzo lenileni la chinsinsi cha makasitomala pachiyambi: ndizo zabwino. Mukungoyamba ndi maganizo apamwamba ndikubwezeretsanso pamene mukuphunzira ndi kuyambiranso.
Khwerero 2: Dziwani zosowa zomwe makasitomala alibe
Pambuyo pokonza malingaliro anu okhudza makasitomala anu, chinthu chotsatira ndicho kumvetsa zosowa zawo. Pamene mukuyesa kupanga phindu kwa makasitomala, mukufuna kupeza zosowa zomwe zikugwirizana ndi mwayi wabwino wa msika.
Mwachitsanzo, mwina simukufuna kupita ku msika kumene makasitomala amasangalala kwambiri ndi momwe zothetsera mavutowa zikugwiritsira ntchito zosowa zawo. Pamene mukukulitsa mankhwala atsopano kapena kusintha zinthu zomwe zilipo, mukufuna kuthana ndi zosowa za makasitomala zomwe sizikukwanira: zosowa zawo zosasungidwa. Amakondomu adzaweruza zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina, kotero kuti chiwerengero chanu chomwe chikugwirizanitsa ndi zosowa zanu chimadalira malo okondana.
Gawo 3: Tchulani malingaliro anu ofunika
Phindu lanu ndilo ndondomeko yanu ya momwe mankhwala anu adzakwaniritsire zosowa za makasitomala kusiyana ndi njira zina. Kuchokera kwa anthu onse omwe angathe kukhala nawo makasitomala akufunika kuti mugulitse mankhwala anu, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe mungaganizire ndi mankhwala anu? Steve Jobs anati, "Anthu amaganiza mozama amatanthauza kuti inde ku chinthu chomwe muyenera kuganizira.
Koma izi sizikutanthawuza konse. Zimatanthawuza kuti ayi ku zifukwa zina zana zabwino zomwe zilipo. Muyenera kusankha mosamala. Ndine wonyada kwambiri pa zinthu zomwe sitinachite monga zinthu zomwe ndachita. Kukonzekera kumatanthauza ayi ku zinthu 1,000. "
Muyenera kudziwa momwe mankhwala anu amasiyanirana ndi mpikisano. Zotengera zanu zingapangidwe bwanji poyerekeza ndi ena? Kodi ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali ziti zomwe mumakonda zimakondweretsa makasitomala? Izi ndizofunika kwambiri pamagetsi.
Khwerero 4: Tchulani mndandanda wanu wa MVP
Mukakhala momveka bwino phindu lanu, muyenera kufotokozera momwe ntchito yanu yochepa yogwirira ntchito idzaphatikizidwe. Simukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yochuluka komanso khama lanu kuti muthe kupeza kuti makasitomala sakonda zomwe munapanga. Njira ya MVP ikukonzekera zokha zokhazo zomwe mukufunikira kupanga phindu lokwanira pamaso pa ofuna chithandizo kuti mutsimikizire kuti mukuyenda molondola. Amasitomala amatha kukuuzani kuti MVP yanu ilibe chidutswa chofunikira. Kapena angakuuzeni kuti sangagwiritse ntchito mbali inayake imene mwasankha kuika mu MVP yanu. Cholinga ndikutembenuka mpaka mutakhala ndi MVP omwe makasitomala amavomereza ndi othandiza.
Gawo 5: Pangani chitsanzo chanu cha MVP
Pofuna kuyesa malingaliro anu a MVP ndi makasitomala, muyenera kuwawonetsa machitidwe anu kuti athe kukupatsani mayankho. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zojambula zamakono (UX) kukonza kuti mubweretse mbali yanu kumoyo kwa makasitomala anu. Pamene mutha kumanga machitidwe a MOVP anu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofulumira komanso zowonongeka popanga chithunzi cha MVP. Chiwonetsero ndi chiwonetsero cha mankhwala anu omwe mumalenga popanda kumanga mankhwala anu enieni.
Zotsutsana zingasokoneze kukhulupirika-kuchuluka kwa tsatanetsatane komwe iwo amafanana ndi chinthu chomaliza-ndi kusagwirizana-momwe mlumikiyo angagwiritsire ntchito ndi chiwonetserocho poyerekezera ndi zomaliza. Chithunzi cha manja cha mankhwala anu (pa pepala kapena pa bolodi lakuda) chikanakhala kukhala wotsimikizika ndi otsika kwambiri. Kwa ma intaneti ndi mafoni, mafelemu a mafoni omwe ali osakhulupirika komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza.
Mungagwiritse ntchito malemba / zojambula zomwe mumakonda kuti muzitsatira. Zida zogwiritsira ntchito (monga InVision) zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kufotokozera malo otentha omwe amawotcha ndi kuwatsatanitsa ndi masamba ena. Zowonetsera zoterezi zimatha kuwonetsa momwe wogwiritsira ntchito akugwiritsira ntchito potsiriza ndikukhala wokhulupirika komanso osagwirizana kuti apeze mayankho ofunika kuchokera kwa makasitomala. Zochitika ndi njira yowoneka bwino musanayambe.
Khwerero 6: Yesani MVP yanu ndi makasitomala
Mukakhala ndi maonekedwe anu a MVP, ndi nthawi yoyesa ndi makasitomala. Ndikofunika pachithunzi ichi kuti mutsimikizire kuti anthu omwe mukupempha kuti muwafunse akugulitsidwa. Ngati simutero, mumatha kutenga malingaliro ogula makasitomala omwe angakutumizeni kuti muyende molakwika. Kafukufuku wofupikitsa poonetsetsa kuti ochita kafukufuku ali ndi malingaliro anu omwe akuthandizira makasitomala akuthandizani kukwaniritsa cholinga ichi. Kenako mumakonza nthawi yolankhulana ndi makasitomala payekha.
Pogwiritsa ntchito oyesayesa mukufuna kuyang'anitsitsa zomwe makasitomala akunena ndi kuchita momwe akugwiritsira ntchito chiwonetserochi. Muyeneranso kufunsa mafunso kufotokoza ngati n'koyenera kuti muphunzire kwambiri. Kufunsa mafunso ndi luso lofunika kuti lipindule kwambiri ndi mayesero. Wotsogolera wabwino amapewa kufunsa mafunso otsogolera monga akuti, "Zinali zophweka, sichoncho?" Poyerekeza ndi funso lopanda kutsogolera, funso lotsogolera limaletsa kuyankha kwa makasitomala. Wofunsana bwino amapewa kufunsa mafunso otsekedwa monga, "Kodi mumakonda chinthu chomwecho?" Mafunso ngati amenewo amachititsa yankho la inde kapena ayi kuchokera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, lomwe silikuphunzitsa zambiri. M'malo mwake, mufunseni mafunso otseguka monga "Kodi mungandiwuzeko zomwe mumaganiza pazochitikazo?" Mafunso osatsegulidwa, mafunso otseguka amapereka makasitomala mndandanda mu mayankho awo ndikuwalimbikitsa kuti akuuzeni zambiri.
Zimapindulitsa kuyesa mayesero a ogwiritsira ntchito pamagulu kapena mafunde. Kugwiritsa ntchito owerenga asanu ndi asanu ndi atatu (8) ogwiritsa ntchito kumachititsa kuti mukhale ochepa kwambiri (komwe simungapezeko mavuto ena) komanso ochuluka (komwe kuli kubwereza komanso kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mayesero ena). Kumapeto kwa mafunde, mukufuna kuyang'ana mbali zonse zomwe mwalandira, zabwino komanso zoipa. Mukufuna kuzindikira zofanana ndi makasitomala amodzi ndi kuika patsogolo patsogolo makasitomala aliwonse amene mwawavumbulutsa kuti muthe kuwathetsa.
Zogulitsa Zogulitsa Zogulitsa
Ndondomeko Yopatsa Katundu ndi njira yobwereza. Pambuyo pofufuza malingaliro a kasitomala pamsinkhu wachisanu ndi chimodzi, mukufuna kuyambiranso malingaliro anu pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe mwaphunzira ndi kutsegulira kumbuyo koyambako. Zomwe mungayankhe zidzakuthandizani kuti muyambe kubwereranso. Ngati mukufunikira kusintha UX yanu, ndiye kuti mukhoza kubwereranso ku gawo lachisanu. Koma ngati mumaganizira zokhudzana ndi maonekedwe, phindu lanu, zosowa za makasitomala, kapena zofuna kasitomala zisinthe, ndiye kuti mubwerere kuchitapo choyambirira zomwe zimafuna kukonzanso ndikupitiliza kuchokera kumeneko.
Mukamayesa njira iliyonse, mutha kukonzanso zojambula zanu za MVP, zomwe mumayesanso kachiwiri ndi makasitomala atsopano. Kuchokera muyeso yotsatira, mukuyembekeza kuwona kuwonjezeka kwa malingaliro abwino ochokera kwa makasitomala ndi kuchepa kwa malingaliro oipa. Mungapeze kuti simukuwoneka kuti mukupita patsogolo ngakhale mukuyesera maulendo angapo. Ngati izi zikuchitika, muyenera kutengera tsatanetsatane ndikubwezeretsanso maganizo anu. Mungaganize kuti kuti mukwaniritse malonda apamwamba a malonda muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pivot (kusintha chimodzi kapena zambiri mwazifukwa zanu zazikulu).
Momwemo, mutatha kubwereza Pulogalamu Yowongoka Yowonjezera mafunde ena, mumapitanso ku MVP chitsanzo chomwe makasitomala alibe malingaliro olakwika , angagwiritse ntchito mosavuta, ndipo amapeza zothandiza kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyo, mwatsimikizira malingaliro anu ofunika ndipo mwakonza chogulitsa ndi msika wogulitsa. Muyenera kupitilira ndi kuika ndalama zomwe mukufunikira kuti mupangire mankhwala. Pambuyo pazimenezi ziyenera kukupatsani chikhulupiliro chokwanira kuti mukamayambitsa mankhwala anu, makasitomala adzawagwiritsa ntchito ndikuupeza kukhala ofunika.
Buku Lophatikiza Pulogalamu Yovomerezeka ndi Dan Olsen limapereka uphungu wowonjezereka wa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito malingaliro a Lean Startup ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira pamsika. Dan Olsen ndi Woyamba Wotsitsimula ndi Wothandizira maulendo, wokamba nkhani, ndi wolemba. Ku Olsen Solutions, Dan amagwira ntchito ndi a CEO ndi atsogoleri ogulitsa mankhwala kuti awathandize kupanga zinthu zabwino ndi magulu olimbitsa thupi, nthawi zambiri ngati VP of Product. Iye wagwira ntchito ndi makampani akuluakulu ndi ang'onoang'ono pa intaneti zosiyanasiyana ndi mafoni. Ogula a Dan ndi Facebook, Box, Microsoft, Medallia, ndi One Medical Group.