Mbiri ya Malamulo Achilungamo
Lamulo lachigwirizano linayambitsidwa poyang'anizana ndi mavuto ena azachuma-vuto lalikulu kwambiri la kugwa kwa msika mu 1929. Monga gawo la "New Deal" la Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Congress inakhazikitsa Securities Act ya 1933 komanso Securities Exchange Act ya 1934, zomwe zinapanga Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Zisanayambe ntchito za 1933 ndi 1934, malamulo a boma amayang'anira zinsinsi za zomwe zimatchedwa "malamulo a buluu." Malamulo amtunduwu akugwiritsabe ntchito nthawi zina zomwe chitetezo sichitsatira malamulo a federal.
Ntchito za Ntchito
Oyimilira malonda akuyimira makasitomala potsata malonda, ndalama, mgwirizano, ndi zida zina zachuma. Ntchitoyi imagawidwa kwambiri m'magulu atatu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuwongolera komanso kutsutsana .
Zogulitsa Zogulitsa
Ntchito yogwira ntchito ikuphatikizapo kuyendetsa zovomerezeka zalamulo zoyamba zapadera, zopereka zachiwiri, kuyanjana ndi kupeza ndi kusungidwa kwachinsinsi. Zosungidwa za katundu kapena zivundi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka bizinesi padziko lonse lapansi. Ogwirizanitsa ntchito amachititsa ntchitoyi m'malo mwa makasitomala awo, kuchokera ku makampani akuluakulu kupita kwa osunga ndalama. Olemba mabungwe amtunduwu amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi akatswiri a msonkho pakukonzekera izi.
Malamulo a Makhalidwe
Ngakhale oweruza opanga mauthenga amavomerezedwa ndi ulemerero wa "malondawo," chikhalidwe choyendetsera ntchitoyi chimapitirizabe kukhulupirika. Pamtima pake, lamulo la 1933 limatsimikiziranso kufunika kofunikira kwa ndalama. Atumwi omwe amaphunzira ntchito yowonjezera amathandiza makampani, ndi anthu ena, kuti awulule uthenga woyenera pa nthawi yake.
Malamulo awa akulimbikitsidwa osati SEC okha, komanso mabungwe ena olamulira, kuphatikizapo Office of the Auder of Currency, National Association of Concessional Dealers, New York Stock Exchange ndi NASDAQ. Oyimilira maulendo kawirikawiri amadalira akuluakulu a boma kuti athandizidwe polemba mapepala akuluakulu ogwira ntchito yolamulira.
Milandu Yamtundu
Ngati makampani akutsutsana ndi malamulo, mabungwe otetezedwa amatha kukhala ochita masewera. Mabungwe ogulitsa zigwirizano amagwira ntchito m'mabwalo a milandu komanso a milandu , chifukwa amatsutsana ndi sukulu zapachiŵeniŵeni komanso zochitika zapachiweniweni kapena zachiwawa. Mwachitsanzo, alangizi a zayimiliro angayimilire ogwira ntchito ku bungwe la milandu yachinyengo poyang'anizana ndi apolisi ndi alangizi a bungweli, kapena angathandize othandizira pankhani zotsutsana ndi malamulo a SEC.
Maphunziro ndi luso
Maphunziro alamulo ndi, ndithudi, ofunikira kuti akhale woyimira mulandu. Ngakhale kuti digiri ya Juris Doctorate ikufunika, maziko a ndalama kapena ndalama ndizofunikira kwambiri pa chitukuko cha woyimilira. Kuphatikiza pa kukhala ndi luso lolemba bwino, mabungwe oyiteteza ayenera kukhala okhoza kuwerenga ndi kumvetsa deta zachuma.