Mawu ndi mawonekedwe a wolemba, khalidwe limene limapangitsa kulemba kwake kukhala kosiyana, ndipo limapereka maganizo, umunthu, ndi khalidwe la wolembayo; kapena
Liwu ndilo liwu lachikhalidwe ndi malingaliro a wolemba za ntchito yopeka . Chifukwa chakuti liwu liri ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi zomwe wowerenga amawerenga pogwiritsa ntchito mabuku, ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri palemba.
Voice Of Author
Mawu anu, mawu osankhidwa, zosankha zanu, komanso zizindikiro zimapanga mawu anu amodzi. Mawu a wolembayo nthawi zambiri amakhala osagwirizana, makamaka m'nkhani zachitatu. Zotsatira zake, zimakhala zotheka kuzindikira wolembayo mwa kuwerenga ntchito yake yosankhidwa.
Mwachitsanzo, zotsatirazi ndizochokera ku mbiri yotchuka ya Charles Dickens. Zindikirani kuti Dickens akulankhula ndi owerenga ngati owerenga angawayankhe ("lolani munthu aliyense afotokoze kwa ine ..."), ndipo ndi othandiza komanso ngakhale pang'ono phokoso lake. Iye amakhalanso ndi mawu omveka:
Tsopano, zenizeni, kuti panalibe kanthu kalikonse kokhudza wogogoda pakhomo, kupatula kuti chinali chachikulu kwambiri. Ndichoncho, kuti Scrooge adawona, usiku ndi m'mawa, nthawi yonse yomwe amakhalamo; Komanso Scrooge anali ndi zochepa chabe zomwe zimatchedwa zokongola za iye monga munthu wina aliyense mumzinda wa London, ngakhale kuphatikiza-mawu olimba-corporation, aldermen, ndi livery. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti Scrooge sadapereke lingaliro limodzi pa Marley, popeza adatchulidwa komaliza kwa womwalirayo wa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Ndiyeno mulole munthu aliyense afotokoze kwa ine, ngati iye angakhoze, momwe izo zinakhalira kuti Scrooge, pokhala nacho chofungulira chake mu zitseko za chitseko, anawona akugogoda, popanda kusinthika kwake kulikonse-osati kosokoneza, koma nkhope ya Marley .
Liwu la Chikhalidwe
Munthu aliyense ali ndi njira yawo yosonkhanitsira pamodzi mawu, mawu, ndi malingaliro. Zinthu izi zimapanga "mau" a munthu. Anthu ena ali ovomerezeka; Zina zimakhala zosangalatsa, zozizwitsa, zokhazikika, zotentha, kapena kuphatikiza makhalidwe osiyanasiyana kuti apangitse umunthu umodzi. Olemba ayenera kupeza "liwu" kwa aliyense wa anthu omwe ali okhulupirira, oyenera, ndi osagwirizana.
Kuwonjezera pa kukhala mtsogoleri wa mawu a mbiri, Dickens nayenso ankawoneka ngati wolemba yemwe angapange mawu omveka osaiwala. Mmodzi mwa anthu otchuka kwambiri a Dickens anali Uriah Heep wa David Copperfield. Mng'oma anali khalidwe loipa lomwe adadziyesa yekha "wodzichepetsa", koma pamene adadziyerekeza kukhala wodzichepetsa komanso wosagwirizana anali ndi cholinga chodzilimbitsa yekha:
"'Pamene ndinali kamnyamata,' anatero Uria, 'ndinadziŵa kuti umbuli unachita bwanji, ndipo ndinagwira nawo, ndikudya pie ndikudya njala. "Ziri zolimba!" Pamene munandipatsa kuti mundiphunzitse Chilatini, ndinadziŵa bwino. "Bambo amakonda kukhala pamwamba pa inu," adatero bambo, "dzipumire pansi." Ndili bwino kwambiri pakali pano, Master Copperfield, koma ine ndiri ndi mphamvu pang'ono! '"