Zaka zoposa 130 zapitazo, Louise Blanchard Bethune, yemwe anali katswiri wa zomangamanga , anayambitsa ntchito ku Buffalo, New York ( Companion to Women at Workplace ndi Dorothy Schneider ndi Carl F. Schneider, ABC-CLIO, Inc., 1993).
Mfundo Zina Zokhudza Zomwe Sizinchito Zachikhalidwe Kwa Akazi
- Malinga ndi chiwerengero cha US Department of Labor, mu 2013 ndalama zapakatikati za amayi omwe adagwira ntchito nthawi zonse zinali 82 peresenti ya abambo omwe amapindula mlungu uliwonse.
- Azimayi amalembedwa ntchito m'magulu ambiri ogwira ntchito kuphatikizapo omwe amagwira ntchito zomanga ndi STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math).
- Zomwe sizinthu zachikhalidwe zimapereka malipiro apamwamba a amayi olowa mmalo ndi malipiro apamwamba pamene akupita patsogolo pa ntchito yake.
Zitsanzo za Ntchito Zopanda Anthu
Posankha ntchito, amai ayenera kulingalira zonse zomwe angathe. Palibe ntchito zomwe amai sangakwanitse kuchita malinga ndi amuna awo okha.
Monga momwe ziliri kwa munthu aliyense, mkazi kapena mwamuna, mmodzi ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina pa ntchito yomwe akulingalira.
Malingana ndi Dipatimenti Yoona za Ntchito za ku America, izi ndizo ntchito zina zomwe sizingakhale zachikhalidwe kwa akazi ( Zopanda Ntchito Zachikhalidwe .
- Detective kapena Agent Special : Ofufuza kapena otsogolera osankhidwa kupeza mfundo ndikusonkhanitsa umboni wokhudza milandu yomwe ikuwoneka kuti ndi yolakwa.
- Wojambulajambula : Nyumba zomanga nyumba zomangamanga, zowonetsetsa kuti zimagwirira ntchito ndi zotetezeka, ndi kukwaniritsa zosowa za omwe adzazigwiritsa ntchito.
- Mkulu : Otsogolera akukonzekera chakudya, kuyang'anira antchito ophika, ndi kukonza khitchini ku malo odyera ndi malo ena odyera.
- Mphepete : Zophika mikaka ndi kudula tsitsi la amuna.
- Mtsogoleri wa Zipembedzo: Mamembala a Zipembedzo ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo a nyumba za kupembedza. Amapereka chithandizo ndikupereka malangizo auzimu kwa osonkhana.
- Kakompyuta, ATM, ndi Wofalitsa Maofesi a Office: Okonza makompyuta ndi ofesi amaofesi amaika, kukonza, ndi kusunga makina ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amalonda ndi anthu pawokha.
- Computer Programmer: Olemba mapulogalamu a makompyuta amalemba kachidindo kwa mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu ndi machitidwe opangira.
- Engineer: Akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito luso lawo mu masamu ndi sayansi kuthetsa mavuto apadera.
- Katswiri wa Zomangamanga: Amisiri amisiri amapanga opaleshoni ndi asayansi kuti athetse mavuto.
- Woyang'anira Ntchito Yomanga ndi Kumanga: Oyang'anira ndi zomanga nyumba amayesetsa kuti zomangamanga zizikwaniritsa malamulo a zomangamanga ndi malamulo a malo.
- Woyendetsa Sitima: Oyendetsa sitima amayendetsa ntchito za magalimoto ndi oyendetsa sitima.
- Machinist: Machinists amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakina kupanga zitsulo zolimba kwambiri monga titaniyamu zoperekera maso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzipangizo za mafupa, zida zachitsulo, zida zowonjezera mavitamini, ndi zowonongeka.
- Dalaivala yamagalimoto: Madalaivala amakolo amanyamula katundu pakati pa malo.
- Wopseza moto: Ozimitsa moto amawotcha moto, opulumutsidwa opulumutsidwa, ndipo nthawi zina amapereka thandizo lachipatala.
- Oyendetsa ndege : Oyendetsa galimoto anthu ndi katundu pa ndege, kuphatikizapo ndege ndi helikopita.
- Mmisiri wamatabwa : Amisiripentala amamanga ndi kukonza nkhuni, magalasi a fiberglass, ndi zowuma.
- Akatswiri a zamagetsi : Amagetsi amaika ndi kusunga makina opangira magetsi ndi zina zikuluzikulu m'nyumba zamalonda ndi zogona.
- Mason : Amisiri amanga nyumba kuchokera pa njerwa, miyala, ndi konkire.
- Katswiri wa HVAC : Amishonale a HVAC amaika, kusunga, ndi kukonzanso kutentha, mpweya wabwino, ndi ma air conditioning systems.
- Mankhwala Opanga Magetsi: Zimagwiritsira ntchito injini yaing'ono, kuyang'anira, ndi kukonza zipangizo zamagetsi.
Zoonjezerapo
Pano pali zothandizira kuti muthandize kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza ntchito zomwe sizinali zachikhalidwe kwa amayi.
Msonkhano Wadziko Lonse wa Akazi pa Ntchito Yomangamanga : "NAWIC ndi bungwe lapadziko lonse lomwe limalimbikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ndi ntchito za amayi pa ntchito yomanga."
Ntchito Zowonongeka kwa Azimayi : NEW ndi bungwe la New York City, lomwe limapereka "luso la ntchito, kuphunzitsa ntchito, kukonzekera ntchito, kukonzekera ntchito, komanso ntchito zapakhomo pa ntchito zomwe akazi amazitengera."
Zochitika Zenizeni ndi Zoona Zokhudza Akazi ndi Ntchito Zanthawi Zonse : Ngati wina ati "simungathe kugwira ntchito m'mundawu chifukwa si za akazi," onetsani nkhaniyi.