Musamadziwe bwino za boma, zapakati, ndi za boma zokhudza tsankho
Kusankhana pazinthu zambiri zokhudzana ndi ntchito sikuletsedwa. Olemba ntchito ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti zosankha zawo pa ntchito iliyonse ndizovomerezeka, zowonongeka, komanso zothandizidwa ndi zolemba zenizeni ndi ziyeneretso.
Malamulo osankhana ntchito akuwonekera poyera kuti kusankhana ntchito sikuvomerezeka ndipo sikuletsedwa. Mwachindunji, makampani sangalekerere mwalamulo anthu chifukwa cha mtundu, chikhalidwe, chipembedzo, mimba, ndi kulemala. Momwe malamulowa amagwiritsidwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana.
Malamulo a Federal ndi State akusowa
Pali malamulo a federal omwe aliyense ayenera kutsatira ndi kunena ndi malamulo amtundu wotsutsa tsankho omwe abwana ayenera kuwatsatira m'dera lawo. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mndandanda womwe uli pansipa suli wambiri ndipo chifukwa chakuti palibe chomwe chili pamndandanda uwu sichikutanthauza kuti sichiphimbidwa ndi lamulo.
Mwachitsanzo, palibe malamulo a boma omwe amaletsa tsankho kwa anthu omwe ali olemera kwambiri (pokhapokha ngati kulemera kwake kumawoneka ngati olumala). Komabe, Michigan ndi mizinda isanu ndi umodzi ali ndi malamulo otero pamabuku.
Mipingo yowonjezera ya Federal ikhoza kukhalapo yomwe imalimbikitsa kusankhana ntchito. Mukamaganizira malamulo okhudzana ndi kusankhana, malamulo okhudzidwa kwambiri, kaya boma kapena Federal, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa milandu yosankhana ntchito.
Ambiri mwa malamulowa ndi akale ndipo amakhazikitsidwa, komabe amapangitsabe mavuto. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2015, Khoti Lalikulu linapereka chigamulo cha milandu chokhudza lamulo la 1964 la mutu VII. Pankhaniyi, mtsikana wina yemwe adafunsidwa ndi wogulitsa Abercrombie ndi Fitch akuvala chovala chamtundu.
Anakweza kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amamupatsa ntchito, koma anam'kana chifukwa cha galimotoyo.
Khotilo linagamula kuti kampaniyo iyenera kufunsa ngati iye amavala izi chifukwa cha chipembedzo osati kumuyembekezera kuti afunse.
Pambuyo pake, iye sankadziwa kuti nsaluyo inali yotsutsana ndi ndondomeko yawo.
Malamulo Amene Amakhudza Olemba Ntchito
Nawa ena mwa malamulo a Federal omwe amateteza antchito. Malamulo amasinthidwa mosavuta ndikutsutsidwa kotero muyenera kuchita khama kuti mukhale pamwamba pa zinthu. Pamene mukukayikira za malamulo omwe angakhudze malo anu, fufuzani ndi boma lanu lofanana ndi Dipatimenti Yachigawo ya Ntchito ndi Federal Lawyer.
- Ndalama yofanana ya Malipiro ya 1963 (EPA) imateteza abambo ndi amai omwe amachita ntchito yofanana kuchokera ku tsankho chifukwa cha kugonana.
- Mutu VII wa Civil Rights Act wa 1964 umaletsa ntchito kusankhana motsatira mtundu , mtundu, chipembedzo, kugonana, kapena dziko.
- Kusankhana zaka m'chaka cha 1967 (ADEA) kumateteza anthu omwe ali ndi zaka 40 kapena kuposera ku ntchito yosankhana chifukwa cha zaka.
- Rehabilitation Act ya 1973 amaletsa kusamvana kwa anthu olemala omwe amagwira ntchito mu boma la federal.
- Mutu Woyamba I ndi mutu V wa Amishonale Achilemala Act wa 1990, monga momwe amachitsidwira (ADA) amalepheretsa abwana omwe ali ndi antchito okwana 15 kapena ochulukirapo kuti azisankhira munthu wodwala. (Maumboni amodzi angaphatikize olemba ntchito omwe ali ndi antchito ochepa.)
- Chigamulo cha Civil Rights Act chaka cha 1991 chimapangitsa kuti ndalama zisawonongeke ngati abwana akhala akuchita chisankho chofuna ntchito.
- Mchitidwe Wokhudzana ndi Mafupa Okhudza Zachibadwa za 2008 (GINA) umalepheretsa ntchito kusankhana chifukwa cha chidziwitso cha majeremusi za wofunsira, wogwira ntchito, kapena wogwira ntchito kale.
- Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act ya 2009 ikukonzekera bungwe la Civil Rights Act la 1964 kunena kuti lamulo la masiku 180 la kulephera kulandira ufulu wolipira likuyamba ndi malipiro atsopano atsankho.
- Cholinga cha Chitetezo cha Ogwira Ntchito Kukalamba cha chaka cha 1990 chitetezera phindu la wogwira ntchito akale muzinthu monga kuchoka pantchito ndi penshoni.
- Mchitidwe Wosalera Mimba umalepheretsa kusankha mkazi chifukwa cha mimba kapena kubala. Mwachitsanzo, simungathe kukonzekera amayi oyembekezera chifukwa cha mimba yake.
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ku Federal malamulo okhudza kusankhana ntchito. Pitirizani izi mumaganizo pamene mukulemba ndi kulangiza antchito. Chofunika chanu chikhale nthawi zonse pa ntchito osati payekha.