Otsutsana ndi Ogwira Ntchito Osapatsidwa Mphoto
Pali malamulo omwe amayang'anira ngati wogwira ntchito sangathe kulandira malipiro a nthawi yowonjezera.
Othandizidwa Omwe Sagwiritsidwe Ntchito
Mitundu ina ya antchito, omwe nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti ndi ogwira ntchito, sali ndi ufulu wowonjezera maola ochuluka monga momwe amagwiritsira ntchito Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). Kuwonjezera apo, mayiko ambiri ali ndi malipiro awo enieni komanso ola limodzi omwe ali ndi zofunikira zambiri kuwonjezera pa FLSA.
FLSA imafuna kuti abwana ayenera kulipira malipiro osachepera kwa maola 40 pa sabata la ntchito ndipo nthawi yowonjezera imalipira nthawi yina iliyonse pokhapokha wogwira ntchitoyo akugwera m'gulu linalake. Kuwonjezera pa Federal Act, mabungwe ambiri ali ndi malipiro awo, ndipo malamulo ndi ofunikira kuti olemba ntchito akutsatira malamulo a boma ndi boma kuti azikhala ovomerezeka.
Ngati wogwila ntchito akuonedwa kuti sali woyenera (vesi osapatsidwa), abwana awo sakufunika kulipira nthawi yowonjezera. Ndiko kulingalira kwa abwana kaya kapena kulipira kwa maola owonjezera ogwira ntchito. Olemba ena angapange phukusi lopindulitsa antchito ndi zofunikira zina m'malo mwa kulipira kwa nthawi yambiri.
Kawirikawiri, kuti uwonedwe kuti ndi "wogwira ntchito" wogwira ntchito, uyenera kulipilira malipiro (osati ola lililonse) ndipo uyenera kuchita ntchito zapamwamba, zoyendetsa ntchito kapena zamaluso. Kulimbikitsanso nkhani kwa olemba ntchito, pali malamulo ena a federal, state, ndi FLSA okhudzana ndi zigawo zina za ogwira ntchito, monga oyang'anira, ogwira ntchito paokha, ogwira ntchito, ogwira ntchito, odzipereka, ogwira ntchito pophunzitsa, ndi ogwira ntchito kuntchito, omwe akuyenera kugwira ntchito ndi.
Omwe Sali Operekereka Ntchito
Wogwira ntchito wosagonjetsedwa ali ndi ufulu wowonjezera maola owonjezera pa Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). Kuonjezera apo, mayiko ena awonjezera njira zowonjezera zowonjezera. Fufuzani ndi malo anu a Department of Labor webusaiti kuti mupeze malamulo anu. Olemba ntchito amafunika kulipira nthawi ndi hafu kawirikawiri ya malipiro awo akamagwira ntchito maola oposa 40 mu sabata lolipidwa. Antchito ambiri ayenera kulipira malipiro ochepa ($ 7.25 mu 2018) kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yeniyeni komanso nthawi ndi theka kwa maola aliwonse ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa 40.
Mitundu ya Ogwiritsira Ntchito Ntchito
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) imazindikira magulu atatu akuluakulu ogwira ntchito:
- Executive
- Professional
- Otsogolera
Zigawozi ndizowonjezereka kuphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya ntchito. Komabe, ndizo ntchito zomwe zimagwira ntchito, osati udindo waumwini wokha, womwe umatsimikizira kuti palibe chifukwa chogwira ntchito. FLSA imatsimikizira antchito omwe sali operekera limodzi limodzi ndi hafu nthawi yomwe amalipira malipiro awo oyenera pa nthawi yochuluka yomwe amagwira ntchito panthawi yomwe amapatsidwa ntchito.
Malangizo Othandizira Kuchokera ku Zowonjezera Zowonjezera
Ogwira ntchito, ogwira ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito, ogulitsa, ndi STEM (Asayansi, Technology, Engineering, ndi Math) ogwira ntchito akhoza kuikidwa ngati osasankhidwa ndipo, chifukwa chake, sagwirizana ndi malipiro owonjezereka ngati akutsatira izi:
- Antchito amalipira malipiro mosiyana ndi kulipidwa pa ola limodzi.
- Ogwira ntchito amalandira osachepera $ 455 pa sabata.
- Antchito amalipira malipiro a sabata iliyonse yomwe amagwira ntchito.
Kuonjezera apo, kuti ayenerere kusamalipira kuwonjezera pa nthawi yowonjezereka , antchito akuyeneranso kukwaniritsa mayesero ena a ntchito pa ntchito zawo ndi maudindo awo. Malinga ndi The Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM), zikhalidwe izi zikuyenera kuchitidwa kuti zidziwitse wogwira ntchito ngati sangathe:
- Pogwiritsa ntchito ufulu wothandizira , wogwira ntchito ayenera kukhala ndi udindo wapadera woyang'anira ntchitoyi kapena dipatimenti kapena chipatala cha malonda; ayenera kuyendetsa ntchito ndi antchito awiri osachepera; ndipo ayenera kukhala ndi udindo wopeza kapena kuwotcha moto, kapena malingaliro awo ndi malingaliro okhudza kubwereka, kuwombera kapena kusintha udindo wa antchito ena ayenera kupatsidwa kulemera kwake.
- Kuti awononge ndalama, ogwira ntchito ayenera kukhala ndi ntchito yaikulu yoyang'anira ntchito kapena ntchito yopanda chithunzithunzi yogwirizana ndi oyang'anira kapena ntchito zamalonda za abwana kapena makasitomala a ogwira ntchito, ndipo ntchito yawo yoyenera iyenera kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito luntha ndi kudziweruza okhaokha ndi kulemekeza zinthu zofunika.
- Ogwira ntchito amatha kukhala ndi ntchito yaikulu yomwe ikufunika kuti ikhale ndi ntchito yofuna kudziwa zapamwamba pazinthu za sayansi kapena kuphunzira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi maphunziro a nthawi yaitali, apadera, aluso, ndi maphunziro, kapena kuti azidziwika pazinthu zina zofanana, zapamwamba kwambiri , monga kuphunzitsa, kompyuta analytics, ndi engineering.
Kupatulapo kufunika kwa nthawi yowonjezera
Kawirikawiri, ogwira ntchito osapatsidwa ndalama osachepera $ 455 pa sabata, yomwe ndi $ 23,660 pachaka, amalipiritsa nthawi yowonjezera . Zina mwazinthu izi ndi monga ofufuza kapena omwe amagwira ntchito pansi pa maphunziro kapena boma.
Zitsanzo za Ntchito Yowonjezereka kwa Ogwira Ntchito
- Susan ndi wogwira ntchito osayenerera, choncho alibe ufulu wowonjezera maola owonjezera .
- John ndi wogwila ntchito, choncho amagwira ntchito maola ochuluka momwe angathere chifukwa amalandira malipiro ake ola limodzi ndi theka.
- Bethany amapereka $ 400 pa sabata, kotero iye akutsimikiziridwa kuti azipeza nthawi yochulukirapo kwa maola ake owonjezera pa ofesi.
- Pambuyo pa kukwezedwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa malipiro, Reshma sanalibenso wogwira ntchito yemwe sali woyenera kuti apereke malipiro owonjezera.
- Rob anatenga gawo loyamba la ntchito kuphatikizapo malipiro apansi chifukwa adzalandira mphotho yowonjezera.
Mayiko ena ali ndi njira zosiyana zogwiritsira ntchito olemba ntchito osagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso ochepa owonjezera pa nthawi
Sikuti mayiko onse ali ndi ndondomeko zomwezo zothandizira ogwira ntchito ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ku California kuti awononge munthu kuti asatenge nthawi yowonjezera, abwana ayenera kulipira antchito osachepera $ 45,760 pachaka. Ogwira ntchito ena onse amatha kukhala oyenerera nthawi yochulukirapo mosasamala kanthu za ntchito. Ogwira ntchito pa malipiro a malipiro adzalinso akuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina kuti asamalowe m'gululi. Kuonjezera apo, antchito omwe sali oyenera ayenera kulipilira malipiro owonjezera oposa oposa 1.5 nthawi zonse ku California ndalama zochepa za $ 11 pa ora kapena $ 16.5 pa ora.
Ku New York, malipiro a ndalama za 2018 a NYS amafuna antchito ambiri omwe amapeza ndalama zokwana madola 40,560 pachaka kuti azilipidwa pa ola limodzi ndi kulandira malipiro owonjezera.
Onetsetsani ku dipatimenti ya aboma lanu kuti mupeze nthawi yowonjezera yowonjezera m'deralo.
Kusinthidwa Kwambiri kwa Nthawi Yowonjezera Kuchokera Mu 2016
Zosinthazi zidasankhidwa ndi Obama ndipo zikuyembekezeka kugwira ntchito pa December 1, 2016 koma adatsutsidwa m'khothi ndipo adaikidwa ndi a Trump:
- Misonkho ya kuyenerera kwa malipiro owonjezereka akuwonjezeka kuchokera pa $ 455 pa sabata kufika pa $ 913 pa sabata kapena $ 47,476 pachaka.
- Mpaka malipiro oyenerera amatha kusinthidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse, kuyambira pa 1 January 2020, chifukwa cha kukula kwa malipiro.