USNS Chitonthozo ndi Chifundo
Sitima Zachipatala zakhala zida zankhondo za ku United States mkati mwa Army ndi Navy kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa masiku a dziko. Sitima zamakono zamakono zikugwira ntchito lero ku USNS Mercy kuchokera ku West Coast Naval Base San Diego ndi USNS Chitonthozo kuchokera ku East Coast Naval Base Norfolk. Izi ndizomasulidwe atatu a sitimazi ndi maina awo awiri omwe adatumikira ku nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse ndi nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse.
USNS yachitatu Mercy ndi USNS Comfort ndizo zombo ziwiri zokha zogwira ntchito m'chipatala mu Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo. Nazi mbiri yakale ya sitima zachipatala za ku United States kuyambira masiku oyambirira a dzikoli kudzapereka tsiku:
Mbiri ya Sitima Zachipatala za United States
Pisanachitike msonkhano wachiŵiri wa Geneva wa 1906 ndi Hague Convention ya 1907, momwe Sitima Zachipatala zinadziwika kuti zinali ndi udindo wapadera, Navy inali ndi zisankhulo zisanu ndi chimodzi zachipatala -
USS Wopusa (1798), ketch yomwe inagwidwa ku United States Navy pa Nkhondo Yoyamba ya Barbary.
USS Ben Morgan (1826), schooner amene anapeza ndi Union Navy pa American Civil War.
USS Pawnee (1859), otetezeka kwambiri ku United States Navy pa US Civil War.
USS Red Rover (1859), mtunda wa tani 650 wa Confederate States of America steamer umene United States Navy inagwira ndi kubwezeretsanso.
USS Home (1862), sitima yaikulu yomwe inagulidwa ndi Union Navy pa US Civil War.
USS Relief (1896), yomwe inayamba ngati sitima yapamtunda John Englis yomwe idagulidwa ndi asilikali a United States ndipo mu 1902 inapezedwa ndi Navy. Mu 1918, adatchedwanso Repose kuti alole dzina lakuti Thandizo kuti liperekedwe ku AH-1 USS Relief .
Komanso, mu Nkhondo Yachikhalidwe, panali nyenyezi ya nyenyezi ya kumadzulo yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Confederate States Navy monga CSS Saint Philip , yomwe imakhala ngati sitima yapamadzi ndi sitima ya kuchipatala.
Pakati pa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse (aka "Nkhondo Yaikulu"), pakati pa November 1918 ndi March 1919, maulendo atatu ogwira ntchito zombo zamtundu wa US omwe amagwira ntchito pamadzi, (USS Comfort , USS Mercy ndi USS Solace ) odwala ochokera ku Ulaya kupita ku United States.
Kuchokera Msonkhano Wachigawo wa Geneva, Madziŵa Anangokhala ndi Zombo 20 Zachipatala. Zina zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, zina zimangidwe ndi kuzikhazikitsanso pakufunika. Ambiri anali muutumiki pa WWII.
Chombo choyamba cha msilikali wa ku America chomwe chinamangidwa ndi kumangidwa kuchokera kumtunda monga chombo cha kuchipatala chinali chithandizo chotchulidwa kale cha AH-1 USS, chomwe chinaperekedwa mu 1920 pa 28 December. Pa nthawiyi, Chithandizo chinali chimodzi mwa zombo zamakono zam'chipatala zamakono komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwambiri m'zipatala zamakono zamakono, komanso ndi odwala 550 ogona.
AH-1 USS Relief (1920-1946) - yokonzedwa ndi yomangidwa mu 1918 monga Shipatala cha Chipatala chokwanira odwala 500.
AH-2 USS Solace (1898-1905, 1908-1909, 1909-1921) - omwe kale anali amalonda a Creole , anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala pafupifupi 200. Odziwika kuti ndilo chombo choyamba cha Navy kuti apulumuke mbendera ya Geneva Red Cross.
AH-3 USS Chitonthozo (1907-1917) - omwe kale anali USAT Havana , anasamutsidwa kuchoka ku Army kupita ku Navy ndipo anasandulika kukhala sitima ya kuchipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 500.
Odziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa zipatala ziwiri zoyambirira za chipatala cha Navy zomwe zimakhala ndi anamwino aakazi.
AH-4 USS Mercy (1917) - yemwe kale anali USAT Saratoga , anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 500. Odziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa zipatala ziwiri zoyambirira za chipatala cha Navy zomwe zimakhala ndi anamwino aakazi.
Chitsimikizo cha AH-5 USS (1941-1946) - omwe kale ankanyamula sitimayo Iroquois , anasandulika kukhala sitima ya kuchipatala yokhala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 450.
AH-6 USS Chitonthozo (1944-1946) - yemwe kale anali wodzipereka, anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 400.
AH-7 USS Hope (1944-1946) - yemwe kale anali wodzipereka, anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 400.
AH-8 USS Mercy (1944-1946) - yemwe kale anali wodzipereka, anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 400.
AH-9 USS Wowonjezera (1944-1946) - omwe kale anali asilikali a Henderson , anasandulika ku sitima ya kuchipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 477.
AH-10 USS Samariya (1944-1946) - oyendetsa gulu la asilikali USS Chaumont (AP-5), anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 394.
Mpumulo wa USS 11 (1944-1946) - yemwe kale anali sitima yapamtunda Kenmore , anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 626.
AH-12 USS Haven (1945-1947 *), (1950-1957) - yemwe anali woyendetsa ndege Marine Hawk , anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 802.
AH-13 USS Benevalolence (1945-1947 *) - yemwe anali woyendetsa ndege wa Marine Lion , anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi odwala 800.
Ukhondo wa US-14-USS (1945-1946 *) - yemwe kale anali woyendetsa ndege Marine Dolphin , anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 802.
AH-15 USS Consolation (1945-1946 *, 1950-1955) - yemwe anali woyendetsa ndege Marine Walrus , anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 800.
USS-16 USPUMULITSA (1945-1950, 1950-1954, 1965-1970) - yemwe kale anali wodzipereka, anasandulika kukhala sitima ya chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 800.
AH-17 USS Malo Opatulika (1945-1946 *, 1966-1971, 1972-1975) - yemwe anali woyendetsa ndege Marine Owl , anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 796.
AH-18 USS Survival (1945-1946 *) - amene anali woyendetsa sitimayo Saint John , anasandulika m'chombo cha chipatala ndi mphamvu kwa odwala 792.
T-AH-19 USNS Mercy (1986-present) - yemwe anali woyang'anira sitima yapamwamba ya San Clemente Worth , anatengedwa kupita kuchipatala ndi zipinda 12 zogwiritsira ntchito, chipinda cha chipatala cha 1,000, ma digitala, mankhwala, labu la optometry, dokotala wodwala kwambiri, mazinyo a mano, CT scanner, morgue, ndi zomera ziwiri zopanga oksijeni.
T-AH-20 USNS Comfort (1987-alipo) - woyang'anira sitima yapamwamba ya San Clemente, Rose City , anasandulika kupita kuchipatala ndi zipinda zokhala ndi zipangizo zokwanira 12 zokwanira, chipinda cha chipatala cha 1,000, madokotala, madokotala , labu la optometry, adiresi yaikulu, mazinyo a mano, CT scanner, morgue, ndi zomera ziwiri zopanga oksijeni.
Tsatanetsatane wambiri pa zombo ziwiri zamakono za Navy Hospital, Mercy and Comfort . Zombo zonsezi zimakhala ndi malo okwera ndege omwe amatha kukwera ndege zazikulu zamtundu wa asilikali (monga CH-53D, CH-53E ndi MH-53E Sea Stallions - komanso Hip-17 Hip). Zombozi zimakhalanso ndi madoko oyenda kuti atenge odwala panyanja. Ziri zazikulu, zofanana ndi kutalika kwa nyumba ya nsanjika 10 ndipo pafupifupi kutalika kwa masewera atatu a mpira wa mpira (tad wamanyazi, mamita 894 kutalika), ndipo amachotsa matani 69,360. Zombozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Command Military Sealift.
* Zombozi zinkatchedwa APH kuyambira November, 1945 mpaka January, 1946, monga gawo la Operation Magic Carpet. Ziwerengero zawo zinasinthidwa kanthawi, - AH-12 monga APH-112, AH-13 monga APH-113, AH-14 monga APH-114, AH-15 monga APH-115, AH-17 monga APH-117, ndi AH-18 monga APH-118.
Kutsiliza
Pa Nkhondo Zazikulu za zaka za makumi awiri, panalibe kusowa kwakukulu kwa sitima zachipatala monga mamiliyoni ambiri a ku America ndi Allies athu anali nkhondo. Tsopano zombozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pavuto laumwini monga masoka achilengedwe monga mvula yamkuntho ku Haiti komanso kupititsa patsogolo malonjezo ku Central ndi South America ndi Caribbean Islands. Komabe, chitonthozo cha USNS ndi Chifundo chidapereka kwa a Persia nthawi ya Drought Storm mu 1991 komanso panthawi ya ufulu wa Iraq mu 2003.