Oimba Odziwika Amene Anamwalira M'zigawenga Zing'onozing'ono

Oimba ambiri adaphedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ndege kwa zaka zambiri. Ochepa anali ndi ntchito zochepa, koma nyimbo zawo zidakali zotchuka kwambiri ngati poyamba.

  • 01 Glenn Miller

    Glenn Miller anali trombonist ndi msilikali wamagulu omwe ntchito yake ya "Moonlight Serenade" inakhala chizindikiro chachisindikizo cha kuyesayesa kwa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Iye anali pa ndege ya Air Force Noorduyn Norseman UC-64A pamene inatha kwinakwake pa English Channel. Pa December 15, 1944, ndege yomwe inanyamula Miller inachoka ku RAF Tinwood Farm pafupi ndi Bedfordshire, England ku nyengo yamkuntho. Ndegeyo sinayambe yafika kumene ikupita ndipo siinapezenso.

    Miller's swing band anali wokondedwa kwambiri, ngati osati kwenikweni oimba kwambiri, oimba nyimbo za gulu lalikulu. Analowetsa gulu la asilikali pamene adatchuka mu 1942 ndipo pomaliza pake anatsogolera gulu la Army Air Force la 50 pa ulendo wa 800 ku Ulaya panthawi ya nkhondo. Miller adayenera kuchita nawo msonkhano wa magulu ankhondo ku Paris pamene ndege yake inawonongeka kwamuyaya.

    Ena amaganiza kuti ndege ya ku Canada yotchedwa injini imodzi inagwa mu English Channel itatha kukumana ndi utsi ndi zikopa-Norseman amadziwika kuti akhoza kutengera kachipangizo. Zolinga zamakono zikuchulukira, koma ambiri a zigawengazo-kuti Miller anapezeka wakufa ku Paris, kuti anali mbali ya nkhondo yapadera kuti agonjetse Hitler, kapena kuti ndege yake inatengedwa ndi bomba ndege pamsewu wa English Channel-yakhala yambiri amavomereza.

  • 02 Buddy Holly

    Pa February 3, 1959, woimba wotchuka komanso woimba nyimbo, Buddy Holly anamwalira pa ngozi ya ndege, pamodzi ndi Gitala Ritchie Valens ndi JP "Rock The Big" Richardson. Atakumana ndi mavuto ndi mabasi awo oyendayenda, Holly anaganiza zokonza ndege kuti atenge malo atatu kuchokera ku Clear Lake, Iowa ku Fargo, North Dakota, yomwe inali ndege yoyandikana nayo ku ulendo wawo wokaima ku Moorhead, Minnesota.

    Makonzedwe anapangidwa ndi kampani ya charter ya ku Mason City, Iowa, kuti gululo liziyendetsedwa ku Fargo ku Beechcraft Bonanza. Woyendetsa zamalonda wazaka 21 ndi mlangizi wandege analibe chida chogwiritsira ntchito chida , chiwerengero chofunikira chowuluka m'mitambo. Iye anali ndi maola 711 akuuluka ndipo ma 128 okhawo anali mu ndege za Bonanza. Patapita mphindi zochepa chabe, ndegeyo inkawoneka ikukwera mpaka mamita 800 ndikubwera, ikugwera pa famu yomwe ili pamtunda wa mailosi asanu kuchokera ku eyapoti. Kuwongolera kwa ngozi kumasonyeza kuti ndegeyi inali pamtunda wotsika kwambiri kumtunda wakumtunda wakumanja ndi pang'onopang'ono. Mphepetezoyi inanenanso kuti woyendetsa ndegeyo anali ndi mphamvu pa ndegeyo pa zovuta ndi nthaka, kutanthauza kuti oyendetsa ndegeyo akuyesabe kuthawa ndege, koma mwina adasokonezeka kwambiri.

    Lipoti la ngoziyi linanena kuti ngoziyi inayambitsidwa ndi chisankho cha woyendetsa ndegeyo kuti asachoke pazifukwa zosayenera. Usiku, m'nyengo yozizira, ndi kutsika kochepetsedwa ndi chipale chofewa, woyendetsa woyendetsa ndege alibe zochepa, ngati zilizonse, zowonetserako kunja. Pankhaniyi, woyendetsa ndegeyo sanaphunzitsidwe bwino kuti apite ndege yochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi maonekedwe a meteorological (VMC) , ndipo zotsatira zake zinali kutayika kwa ndege.

    Mu 2015, woyendetsa ndege dzina lake LJ Coon anapempha NTSB kuti ayang'ane kafukufuku wa ngozi za ngoziyi, pofotokoza nkhani zosathetsedwe zokhudzana ndi kulemera ndi kuchepa, mayina a mafuta ndi ena, ndi kunena kuti woyendetsa ndegeyo sanaweruzidwe, amakhulupirira kuti woyendetsa ndegeyo anachita zinthu mwamphamvu pamapeto omthawa.

    Imfa ya Buddy Holly inagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kudzoza kwa nyimbo ya Don McLean "American Pie" yomwe imatchula tsikuli ngati "tsiku limene nyimbo zinamwalira."

  • 03 Patsy Cline

    Pazaka 30 zapitazo padziko lapansi, Patsy Cline, yemwe ndi nyimbo za nyimbo za dziko, adathandizira njira ya akazi mu nyimbo za dziko. Moyo wake unatha pa March 5, 1963, pamene Piper PA-24 Comanche akuuluka akugunda m'nkhalango pafupi ndi Camden, Tennessee. Cline anaphedwa, pamodzi ndi Cowboy Copas, Hawkshaw Hawkins, ndi woyendetsa ndege Randy Hughes, amenenso anali mtsogoleri wa Cline.

    Palibe zambiri zomwe zalembedwa ponena za ngoziyi, koma umboni wosonyeza kuti Hughes akuwuluka oyimba atatu kuchokera kumsonkhano wopindulitsa ku Kansas City kunyumba kwa Nashville. Anaganiza zopita ndege ku Dyersburg, Tennessee kukayendera nyengo asanayambe kuthawa. Ngakhale bwalo la ndege ndi mvula yanyengo idawachenjeza kuti nyengo inali yoipa, Hughes anaganiza zopita ku zikhalidwe za IMC. Mlimi wina wapafupi anawona ndege yaying'ono ikuzungulira mozungulira nyumba yake usiku wa 7 koloko tsiku la kuwonongeka, ndipo mboni ina inawona ndege ikukwera kuchokera kumtambo wakuya pamtima wa mpweya wa 45-degree.

  • 04 Ricky Nelson

    Chachiwiri kwa Elvis, Ricky Nelson anali wojambula kwambiri wotchuka rock 'n' roll kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1950s. Nelson anali ndi zaka 45 pamene anaphedwa pamodzi ndi mnzakeyo komanso ena okwera asanu omwe anali pamtunda wa DC-3 kupita ku Dallas Love Field pa December 31, 1985. Ndege inagwera kumunda pafupi ndi De Kalb, Texas chifukwa cha moto mu kanyumba ndi pogona. Oyendetsa ndege ndi oyendetsa galimotoyo anapulumuka koma adatentha kwambiri ku matupi awo apamwamba.

    Pambuyo pa umboni pansi, anaona kuti ndege ikuzungulira molakwika, ndegeyo inatumizidwa kukapempha thandizo. Woyendetsa ndegeyo anapeza kuti ndegeyi inali pamoto ndipo oyendetsa ndege ankayesa kupeza malo okhala. Pasanapite nthawi, ndegeyo inayamba kuyaka moto ndipo inagunda, kugunda mzere wa mphamvu panjira. NTSB inavumbulutsa chifukwa chokhalira moto, ngakhale chifukwa chake moto sukudziwika. Zophatikizapo zinaphatikizapo kulephera kwa woyendetsa ndege kukwaniritsa ndondomeko yachangu.

  • 05 Reba McEntire's Band

    Chithunzi: Getty / Cooper Neill

    Pa March 16, 1991, Hawker Siddeley DH125-1A atanyamula mamembala asanu ndi atatu a gulu la Reba McEntire adagwera m'phiri atachoka ku Brown Field Municipal Airport ku San Diego usiku. Ndegeyo, yomwe inali ulendo wopita ku Amarillo, inagwera m'dera lamtunda patangotsala mphindi zitatu kuchoka pansi pa malamulo a ndege (VFR). Oyendetsa ndegewo adayambitsa ndondomeko ya ndege ya IFR yomwe idatha nthawi yomwe iwo adachoka.

    Asananyamuke, woyendetsa ndegeyo anali ndi zokambirana ziwiri ndi katswiri wa utumiki wa ndege . Ankafuna kuti achoke ndikukhalabe VFR mpaka atenge ufulu wake wa IFR mlengalenga. Ankayenera kukhala kunja kwa pansi kapena pansi pa malire a San Diego Malo a Air Border mpaka adziwe ufulu wake, choncho anasankha kuchoka kummawa kupita kumtunda ndikukhala otsika mokwanira kuti adziwe malire a malo a B B. Pamene achoka VFR ndikunyamula ndondomeko ya IFR kamodzi pamlengalenga ndi njira yodziwika, VFR yapamwamba kwambiri pamtunda umenewo inali yapamwamba kusiyana ndi woyendetsa ndegeyo.

    Anthu okwera asanu ndi atatu, onse a gulu la McEntire, adamwalira usiku womwewo, komanso oyendetsa ndegewo. McEntire, pamodzi ndi mwamuna wake ndi bwana wake, adaganiza kuti azigona usiku wonse ku San Diego ndipo anakonza zoti achoke ku ndege yapadera tsiku lotsatira.

  • 06 John Denver

    John Denver anali wotchuka woimbira komanso wolemba nyimbo yemwe ankadziwikanso chifukwa cha kuthandiza kwake. Anamwalira pa Oktoba 12, 1997, pamene amateur anamanga ndege za Adrian Davis Long-EZ iye akuwombera ku Monterey Bay. Malingana ndi NTSB, Denver anagonjetsa ndegeyo poyesa kusinthitsa matanki amtundu wina atapita ku Monterey Peninsula Airport ku Pacific Grove, California.

    Denver anali ndi multiple ISIs pa mbiri yake, ndipo poyambirira, anthu amadzifunsa ngati ndege yake ikuwonongeka. Komabe, lipoti la boma la NTSB likuti Denver adasokonezedwa ndi kutaya mphamvu.