Atazindikira kuti kale anali ndi chizindikiro chotchedwa Satellite Records, Stewart ndi Axton adatchedwanso Stax Records yawo.
Dzina silinali chinthu chokha chomwe chinasintha m'masiku oyambirira. Ngakhale kuti chizindikirocho chinayambika ngati chizindikiro cha dziko, nkhope ya Stewart yomwe inasintha inachititsa chidwi ndi nyimbo za R & B, ndipo chizindikirocho chinasinthidwa.
Zofunikira
- Kodi: Lembani dzina la Stax Records
- Kumeneko: Memphis, TN, USA (mzinda woyambitsa)
- Yakhazikitsidwa ndi: Jim Stewart ndi Estelle Axton
- Yakhazikitsidwa: 1957
- Kutsekedwa: 1978 (ngakhale kuti dzina la kampani ndi kabukhulo linapezedwa ndi Concord Music Group mu 2004 ndipo zolembazo zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zatsopano)
Stax HQ
Nyumba ya Stax Records inali nyumba yamaseŵera yakale ku South Memphis, TN, yomwe inkagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati bizinesi yayikulu komanso zojambula zojambulajambula komanso malo ojambula nyimbo (omwe anali adakali pansi pa dzina la Satellite Records). Mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1970, pafupifupi zolemba zonsezi zinalembedwa mu studioyi, ndi Booker T. komanso a MGs (omwe anakhala nyenyezi mwawo).
Ndiyo masewero omwe adatembenuzidwa okha kuti ngongole ya signature Stax Records imveka.
Pansi panali malo okonzera malo okhalamo, ndikupanga malo osungirako zojambula.
Gulf ndi Deal Western
Pofika m'chaka cha 1968, Stax anali atapindula kangapo ndipo anakopeka ndi Gulf ndi Western (gulu lalikulu la magulu panthaŵiyo), amene anagula chilembo chaka chimenecho.
Axton anagulitsa gawo lake, Stewart adasunga gawo lake koma adatuluka ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo Al Bell, wolemba PR, adatenga ziwalozo. Kugawidwa kwa Atlantic kunathetsedwanso panthawiyi. Munjira zambiri, chinali chiyambi cha mapeto. Onani zambiri m'munsimu zokhudza nkhani ya Gulf ndi Western.
Maofesi a Stax Records
Pambuyo pozunguliridwa ndi zochitika zapayola za m'ma 1950, mabwalo a wailesi m'ma 1960 anali osamala kwambiri pakusewera zolembera zambiri za matepi amodzi. Pachifukwachi, zinali zofala kwambiri panthawiyi kuti malemba ayambe malemba a "subsidiary" - omwe amatha kumasula album kupyolera pa chizindikiro chachikulucho ndi dzina la chizindikiro china pa jekete ya album. Stax anali ndi malemba angapo, kuphatikizapo:
- Hip
- Volt (nyumba ya Otis Redding)
- Chalice
- Makampani
Nyimbo zonse pa malemba awa zinali za Stax.
Tsanzirani Stax Records
Ngakhale kuti Stax anapindula kwambiri mzaka za m'ma 1970 pamene akugwira ntchito monga odziimira yekha, makamaka Isaac Isaac ndi Wattstax Festival (yomwe inanenanso Richard Pryor) -yiyi sinapezekepo chifukwa cha imfa ya Atlantic. Gulf ndi Western zinkadziwa pang'ono za kuthamanga ndi kulemba bizinesiyo molakwika.
Ngakhale kupambana kwa Hayes, Wattstax, ndi zina zotulutsidwa ndi Stax, Gulf ndi Western sizinayambe kuzigwiritsa ntchito, ndipo chizindikirocho chinawonongeka. Mu 1975, Stax anaitcha tsiku. M'masiku otsiliza, Stewart anachotsa nyumba yake kuti apitirize kulemba lipotilo-iye anataya pamene chizindikirocho chinagwa.
Tsamba lapamwamba ndi Kuwonjezeka kwa Chilembo
Pambuyo pa Stax atasokoneza, ndondomeko yam'mbuyo ya chilembo ndi dzina la Stax idagulidwa ndi Fantasy Records, amene adawamasula Albums mpaka atagulitsa ufulu wawo ku Concord mu 2004. Concord akupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikirocho. Mndandanda umene unasungidwa ndi Atlantic (onani zambiri m'munsimu) umakhala pansi pa ulamuliro wawo, ngakhale ma albamu ena athandizidwa ku Rhino Records.
Stax Records Ojambula
Ena mwa ojambula omwe amamasula nyimbo pa Stax pazaka izi ndi awa:
- Isaac Hayes
- Otis Redding
- Rufus Thomas
- Johnnie Taylor
- Albert King
- The Singer Singers
Gulf ndi Western, Records ya Atlantic, ndi Msonkhano Woipa Womwe
Jerry Wexler wa Atlantic ndi wamkulu wotchuka wa Stax Records ndipo ankagwira ntchito limodzi ndi malembo onse m'ma 1960 (iye adaumirira ngakhale akatswiri ena ojambula zithunzi a Atlantic ku Stax kuti awone chizindikiro). Kugawidwa kwa pakati pa Stax ndi Atlantic kunkawonekera bwino mpaka Warner anagula Atlantic.
Panali chigawo cha Stax / Atlantic chomwe chinathetsa mgwirizano ngati Atlantic idagulidwa ndi kampani ina. Pa nthawiyi Stewart anazindikira kuti mgwirizanowu unalembedwa ndi Atlantic. Mgwirizanowu umanena kuti Atlantic - osati a Stax - omwe ali ndi masters ku Albums omwe amawagawa. Kotero, pamene mgwirizano wawo unatha, Atlantic inatsala ikugwira ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya kugunda kwa Stax.
Atangotaya ambuye awo, Stax anataya wotchuka kwambiri pajambula awo pa nthawi imeneyo, Otis Redding. Redding anafa pangozi ya ndege patatha masiku anayi atalemba nyimbo yomwe ingakhale yaikulu kwambiri - Atakhala pa Dock of Bay . Popanda ambuye awo ndi nyenyezi yawo yaikulu, malingaliro a zachuma a Stax anali ofooka, ndi momwe Gulf ndi Western zinatha kugwira nawo gawo la Axton ndizolemba Stewart kutenga gawo la mpando wachifumu (kuphatikizapo kusiya ena magawo ake).
Panali chinthu chimodzi chomwe chikuwoneka kuti chizindikirocho chikhoza kupulumutsidwa ndi kugawidwa kwa CBS, chifukwa cha Clive Davis , koma CBS inachotsa Davis posakhalitsa atayina pangano la Stax, ndipo sanatsatire pambuyo pochoka Davis.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti Gulf ndi Western adalola kuti chizindikirocho chiwonongeke panthaŵi imodzimodziyo Isake Hayes adakwera, koma ndi zomwe zinachitika. Stewart ndi Bell anayesera kuti apulumutse chizindikiro chawo, popanda kuthandizidwa kuchokera ku Gulf ndi Western ndi kutchova njuga m'nyumba zawo ndi mtsogolo mwachuma chawo. Iwo anataya, ndipo monga momwe tanenera poyamba, Stewart anataya nyumba yake pamene chizindikirocho chinapita pansi.