Malamulowa alipo kuti atsimikizire kuti ana sachita ntchito iliyonse yoopsa kapena yoipa pa thanzi lawo, komanso kutsimikiza kuti cholinga cha ana chimakhalabe pa maphunziro.
Phunzirani zambiri zokhudza malamulo ofunikira ana, omwe amadziwa ngati achinyamata angapeze ntchito, ndi ntchito zotani zomwe zimaloledwa, komanso ndi mapepala otani.
Komanso, phunzirani kumene achinyamata angapeze malo awo oyamba.
Lamulo Labwino la Ana: Zida Zakale
Mbadwo umasewera kwambiri malamulo a ntchito ya ana: pamene ana okalamba angagwire ntchito zopanda malire ntchito zomwe zatsimikizika kukhala zotetezeka, ana ang'ono angagwire ntchito zina, ndipo amakhala ndi maola ochepa.
Kawirikawiri, ana ayenera kukhala osachepera zaka khumi ndi zinayi kuti achite ntchito iliyonse yosakhala yaulimi. Ambiri mwa malamulowa amakhazikitsidwa ndi lamulo la federal lotchedwa Fair Labor Standards Act . Komabe, tawonani kuti zina mwa malamulowa angakhale osiyana ndi boma kupita kudziko. Funsani dipatimenti ya aboma lanu kuti mudziwe zambiri, komanso a United States Department of Labor.
Ana Oposa Zaka 14 Zakale
Kawirikawiri, ana osakwanitsa zaka khumi ndi zinayi sangathe kugwira ntchito iliyonse yopanda ntchito. Komabe, pali ntchito zingapo zomwe ana a msinkhu uliwonse amaloledwa kuchita. Mwachitsanzo, ana osapitirira zaka 14 akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito monga ojambula kapena ochita masewera, amatha kupereka nyuzipepala, ndipo amatha kubwereza.
Ana ochepera zaka 14 akhoza kugwira ntchito zaulimi kapena ntchito pa bizinesi iliyonse ya makolo awo, malinga ngati ntchitoyo siili yoopsa.
Zaka 14 kapena 15 Zakale
Achikulire 14 ndi 15 amaloledwa kugwira ntchito, koma pali malire ku ntchito zomwe angathe, ndi maola omwe angagwire ntchito. Pa chaka cha sukulu, maola awo ali ochepa kwa maola atatu tsiku la sukulu ndi maola 18 pa sabata.
Masiku omwe palibe sukulu komanso chilimwe, maola ogwira ntchito amatha maola 8 pa tsiku ndi maola 40 pa sabata.
Pali malire pamene ana a zaka 14 ndi 15 angathe kugwira ntchito, naponso. Amatha kugwira ntchito pakati pa 7 ndi 7 koloko masana pa chaka cha sukulu, komanso pakati pa 7 ndi 9 koloko chilimwe (pakati pa June 1 ndi Tsiku la Ntchito).
Ana a zaka 14 ndi 15 akhoza kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa malo ogulitsa, kuphunzitsa ndi kuphunzitsa ntchito, kutaya kapena kubweretsa ntchito, ndi zina. Iwo sangathe kuchita ntchito iliyonse yomwe imaonedwa kuti ndi yoopsa.
16 kapena 17 Zakale
16- ndi zaka 17 angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa maola osapitirira malire ntchito iliyonse kupatulapo imene inanenedwa kuti ndi yoopsa ndi boma la federal. Cholinga choletsedwa ndi kuonetsetsa kuti ana saikidwa pangozi kuntchito.
Ntchito zina zomwe zili pamndandanda woletsedwa ndi migodi, kufukula, ndi kumenyana kwa moto m'nkhalango. Palinso zoletsedwa pa zida zamakono ana a m'badwo uno amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mu malo opereka chakudya, ana a zaka 16 ndi 17 sangagwiritse ntchito makina opangira nyama (nyama zopanga nyama, macheka, makina opanga mavitamini, operekera zovala, kapena owaza), osakaniza malonda, kapena makina ena ophikira pamagetsi .
Zaka 18 Zakale
Pamene wachinyamata ali ndi zaka 18, iye sagonjera ntchito ya achinyamata achinyamata komanso malamulo a ntchito ya ana.
Malingana ndi malamulo a ntchito, mwana wazaka 18 amaonedwa kuti ndi wamkulu. Choncho, ali ndi ufulu kugwira ntchito maola alionse ndi ntchito iliyonse yalamulo. Nazi zambiri zokhudza maola omwe akuloledwa kugwira ntchito .
Ntchito Yoperekedwa Kuchokera ku Malamulo a Ana Achilamulo
Kawirikawiri, ana a msinkhu uliwonse amaloledwa kugwira ntchito m'mabizinesi omwe ali ndi makolo awo. Angathe kugwira ntchitoyi nthawi iliyonse ya tsiku kwa maola angapo. Komabe, anthu osapitirira zaka 16 sangagwiritsidwe ntchito m'migodi kapena kupanga, ndipo palibe mmodzi wa zaka zoposa 18 amene angagwire ntchito iliyonse Mlembi wa Labor wakhala akunena kuti ndi oopsa. Komanso, anthu osakwana zaka 16 sangathe kugwira ntchito nthawi ya sukulu.
Ana akhoza kugwira ntchito nthawi iliyonse pa ntchito zaulimi.
Apanso, ngati muli ndi zaka 16, simungagwire ntchito nthawi ya sukulu, ndipo simungagwire ntchito zina zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndizoopsa ku ntchito zaulimi. Ntchitozi zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito mabomba, kusamalira mankhwala ena, kugwira ntchito matrekta ena, ndi zina zambiri.
Palinso ntchito zina zomwe ana a msinkhu uliwonse amaloledwa kuchita. Mwachitsanzo, ana a msinkhu uliwonse akhoza kupatsa nyuzipepala kapena kugwira ntchito panyumba kupanga mphete zobiriwira. Angathenso kugwira ntchito monga ojambula kapena ojambula m'mafilimu, masewero, ma wailesi kapena televizioni.
Pali zowonjezereka zina, choncho, yang'anani Zokambirana za DOL kuchokera ku Malamulo a Ana a Chigwirizano cha Ntchito zaumwini.
Achinyamata Osapatsidwa Malipiro Ochepa
Lamulo la boma limalola olemba ntchito kubweza ogwira ntchito osachepera zaka 20 (malipiro 4.25) kwa nthawi yochepa (masiku 90 a kalendala, osati masiku ogwira ntchito) atangoyamba ntchito.
Mphotho iliyonse ya malipiro opitirira $ 4.25 yachinyamata kwa ola limodzi ikhoza kulipidwa kwa antchito oyenerera pa nthawi ya masiku 90. Pambuyo pa masiku 90, wogwira ntchitoyo ayenera kulandira malipiro osachepera a federal . Izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito iliyonse imene mwanayo ali nayo mpaka atatembenuka 20. Sizimangogwira ntchito yake yoyamba.
Mapepala Ogwira Ntchito (Zopatsa Ntchito Kapena Zaka)
M'madera ena, ogwira ntchito osachepera khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu angafunike kupeza mapepala ogwira ntchito (omwe amatchedwa Employment kapena Age Certificates) kuti athe kugwira ntchito mwakhama.
Fomu ikhoza kupezeka kusukulu. Apo ayi, antchito a ana angapeze umodzi ku dipatimenti yawo ya boma. Fufuzani ndikuwona zomwe zikutsatirani .
Ngati mukufuna chikalata, ndipo chikupezeka kusukulu, fufuzani ndi aphungu anu othandizira kapena ofesi yotsogolere. Ngati kalatayo ikupezeka ku dipatimenti ya abambo, onani kafukufuku wadziko lanu.
Malangizo Opeza Ntchito
Kodi ndinu wachinyamata mukufunafuna ntchito? Mwinamwake mukuyang'ana ntchito ya chilimwe , kapena ntchito yanu yoyamba. Nawa malingaliro okuthandizani kuti mupitirize kufufuza kwanu . Kenaka yambani kufufuza kwanu kuntchito poyendera malo omwe akuwoneka pa achinyamata ndi ophunzira. Nawa malo abwino kwambiri a ntchito kwa achinyamata , kuphatikizapo malangizo oti muwafufuze.
Pemphani apa kuti mudziwe zambiri polemba ntchito yanu yoyamba ndikulemba choyamba chanu . Komanso werengani apa kuti mumve mfundo zokhudzana ndi kuyankhulana kwanu .