Ulamuliro ndi Kugawidwa kwa Mphotho Yopuma pantchito
Atumiki samasintha malo awo okhalamo chifukwa amangosamukira kudziko lina. Bungwe la Servicemembers Civil Relief Act , (SCRA) limalola antchito kuti azitha kukhala m'mayiko amodzi, komabe amati dziko lina ndilo malo awo okhalamo.
N'chimodzimodzinso ndi mnzanuyo. Nthawi zambiri mwamuna kapena mkazi wake amakhala ndi boma limene akukhalamo. Komabe, pofuna kuti athetse banja, nthawi zambiri, munthuyo amayenera kukhazikitsa "zosowa zoyenera," kuyambira pa miyezi itatu mpaka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Kuonjezera apo, mayiko ambiri ali ndi malamulo omwe amalola kuti mamembala kapena mamembala apereke chisankho kudziko limene membalayo alowemo, ngakhale membala kapena mwamuna kapena mkazi sali wokhala m'dzikolo. Ambiri amanena ngakhale kuti sakhala ndi "malo osakhalamo" omwe amachititsa kusudzula usilikali.
Mwachitsanzo, Airman Joseph Tribett ali ku Travis Air Force Base , ku California. Joe "malo okhalamo" ali ku Nebraska. Wapatulidwa ndi mkazi wake kwa chaka chimodzi. Jill wakhala akukhala ndi makolo ake ku Denver, Colorado.
Gulu lina likhoza kulemba kuti athetse ku California, Nebraska, kapena Colorado. Nthawi zina zimapindulitsa kuyang'anitsitsa malamulo osudzulana a mayiko osiyanasiyana omwe angakhale ndi ulamuliro musanasankhe ndendende kumene munthu ayenera kutumiza kuti asudzulane (Komabe, kumbukirani kuti ngati mutayika kudera lina osati kumene mukukhala, izi zidzasowa kuyenda kwa maonekedwe a khoti, etc.)
Kugawidwa kwa Mphotho Yopuma pantchito
Cha kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, makhoti amtundu wina adayamba kulandira malipiro a usilikali wopuma pantchito monga "katundu wamagulu," nthawi zambiri amapereka gawo la malipiro kwa wokwatirana naye. Chimodzi mwazochitika ku California chinadutsa pamilandu ku Federal Court, yemwe analamulira McCarty v. McCarty , 453 US 210 (1981), kuti lamulo la federal silinalipire msonkho wopuma pantchito kuti likhale katundu wogwirizana.
Pogwirizana ndi chigamulochi, khotilo linali lodziwika bwino kuti kugawidwa kwa malipiro a usilikali osagwirizana ndi malamulo, sikunali kosagwirizana ndi malamulo, koma malamulo a boma (panthawiyo) sankayenera kulandira malipiro apamwamba pantchito yawo.
Poyankha, Congress inadutsa Chigamulo Choteteza Wokwatirana Wachiwiri (USFSPA) , mu 1982. Izi zimapangitsa makhoti a dziko kuti athetse malipiro omwe achotsedwa pantchito ngati katundu yekhayo kapena mwini wakeyo ndi mkazi wake malinga ndi malamulo a khoti la boma.
Mosiyana ndi chikhulupiliro chofala, palibe "njira zamatsenga" zomwe zili muchithunzi kuti adziwe kugawanika kwa malipiro apuma pantchito. Khoti la boma lingathe kugawa malipiro apuma pantchito m'njira iliyonse yomwe imasankha (malinga ndi malamulo a boma). Mwachitsanzo, zikanakhala zomveka kuti khothi ligawitse malipiro apakati pantchito 50/50 kwa banja lomwe linangokhala miyezi iŵiri (kachiwiri, malinga ndi malamulo a boma limenelo). Boma lingasankhe kupereka malipiro ochuluka pantchito yopuma pantchito kwa mwamuna kapena mkazi wake wakale ngati malamulo a boma amalola kupatukana. Komanso, khoti lingasankhe kulandira malipiro apuma pantchito monga malo enieni a membala wa asilikali .
Komabe, kuti Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo (DOD) ipereke malipiro a malipiro a msilikali yemwe wapuma pantchito kwa omwe kale anali nawo, malangizo awa akuyenera kukumana:
(1) Wokwatirana naye ayenera kuti adakwatiwa ndi msilikali kwa zaka zosachepera 10, ndipo zaka khumi ndi ziwiri zaukwati zikutenga nthawi yothandizira usilikali chifukwa cholipidwa pantchito.
(2) Malipiro otsogolera sadzapangidwira kugawidwa kwa malipiro opuma pantchito opitirira 50 peresenti (Ngati pali chisudzulo choposa, choyamba chidzabwera, choyamba chitumikire - osapitilira 50 peresenti adzalipidwa ngati kugawidwa kwa malipiro apuma pantchito - - Mwachitsanzo, ngati khoti limapereka chiwerengero cha 40 peresenti ya msonkho wokhala pantchito, ndipo khoti lina limapereka chiwerengero chokwatira chokwatira chaka chimodzi pa 40 peresenti ya malipiro apuma pantchito, DOD Finance imabweza ngongole imodzi yokha ya mkazi kapena mkaziyo peresenti 40 wokwatirana naye nambala 2 peresenti 10).
(3) Kulipira kwa olemala sikumagawidwa ngati katundu. Zili pansi pa zokongoletsera kwa alimony kapena thandizo la ana, komabe.
(4) Kugonjetsa kapena kuthandizira ana kungaperekedwe kupatula kugawidwa kwa malipiro apuma pantchito. Pachifukwa ichi, DOD Finance sichidzalipira 65 peresenti ya malipiro omwe amachoka pantchito yopuma pantchito ndikugawidwa kwa alimony / mwana.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, tiyeni tinene kuti Joe ndi Jill anali atakwatirana zaka 12, koma zaka 8 zokha zinali pamene Joe anali msilikali. Khoti la boma limapereka chikondwerero cha Jill 40 peresenti ya Joe omwe amapuma pantchito yomuthandiza pantchito. Pankhaniyi, Jill sangagwiritse ntchito kuti DOD amwalipire yekha chifukwa panalibe zaka 10 zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ukwati wa Joe. Joe, komabe, angakhale ndi udindo wolipira Jill kamodzi pa mwezi kapena nkhope zomwe zingatheke kuchokera kukhoti.
Ngati, Joe, ndi Jill akhala atakwatirana zaka 12 ndi zaka 12 zomwe zikulimbana ndi ntchito ya usilikali Joe, Jill angafunse DOD Finance kuti am'patse gawo lake la malipiro ake.
Ulamuliro pa Mphotho Yopuma pantchito
Chigawo chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri cha USFSPA nthawi zambiri chimanyalanyazidwa, ngakhale ndi anthu odziwa bwino ntchito: Kuti khoti la boma likhale ndi ulamuliro pa malipiro a pulezidenti, khothi liyenera kukhala ndi ulamuliro pa membala:
(a) malo okhala, ena osati chifukwa cha ntchito ya usilikali , m'gawo la khoti,
(b) malo ake okhala mu khoti, kapena
(c) chilolezo chake ku khoti.
Tiyeni tibweretsere nkhawa Joe ndi Jill. Tangoganizirani kuti Joe wakhala ku California koma akuti Nebraska ndi malo ake okhalamo. Malo a Jill akukhala ku Colorado.
Ngati ma fayilo a Jill akusudzulana ku Colorado, khoti silikanaloledwa kupatulira malipiro a Joe atapuma pantchito pokhapokha Joe atavomerezedwa ku bwalo la milandu (akuganiza kuti aŵiriwa analibe chiyanjano chokhazikika ku Colorado).
Ngati ma fayilo a Jill akusudzulana ku California (komwe Joe adakhala), nkhaniyi ndi yovuta kwambiri. Mosasamala kanthu za "malamulo okhalamo," ngati khoti linatsimikiza kuti California ndi nyumba yawo, osati malo okhazikika (mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha magulu a asilikali), khothilo likhoza kutenga ulamuliro pa malipiro olowa pantchito, mosasamala kanthu za chilolezo.
A servicemember omwe banja lawo adagula ndi kukhala m'nyumba, kukhazikitsidwa kwa tchalitchi komanso kumudzi, kuphunzitsidwa ndi kulera ana m'dzikolo, akhoza kuonedwa kuti akulamuliridwa kumeneko ngakhale kuti akhalabe ndi "malo okhalamo" kwinakwake.
Kaya makhoti amilandu ali ndi udindo, palibe chilolezo, ndi funso limene liyenera kuthetsedweratu pa milandu ku mlandu.
Chofunika Chofunika :
Ulamuliro ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri. M'madera ena, munthu akhoza "kuvomereza" pokhapokha atalankhula ndi khoti kapena kuyankha kuitanidwe. Musanayankhe makalata aliwonse ochokera kukhoti omwe sangakhale ndi ulamuliro pa malipiro anu opuma pantchito, ndikofunika kuti mufunsane ndi woweruza yemwe ali wodziwa bwino nkhani za malamulo ngati akugwiritsira ntchito ku Mgwirizano Womwe Wachiwiri Woteteza Wachibwenzi Wosagwirizanitsa ndi malamulo a dziko limene khotili linatumizidwa. Sindingathe kusonyeza izi mokwanira!