Komiti ya Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) ndi bungwe la federal lopatsidwa lamulo loletsa malamulo oletsa kusankhana ntchito.
EEOC ikufufuzira milandu ya chisankho ndikuyesera kuwathetsa pamene chisankho chikupezeka. Ngati milandu singathe kuthetsedwa, EEOC ikhoza kupereka mlandu m'malo mwa munthu aliyense kapena anthu onse. (Komabe, bungwe la bungweli, "Sitikuyimira milandu nthawi zonse pamene timapeza tsankho.")
Kuwonjezera pa kufufuza madandaulo ndikutsutsana ndi kusalidwa, EEOC imapanga mapulogalamu othandizira kuti athetse tsankho. EEOC yakhazikitsidwa ku Washington, DC, ndipo ili ndi maofesi 53 m'madera onse ku United States.
Komiti Yoyenera Imodzi Ntchito (EEOC)
Malamulo opangidwa ndi EEOC ndi malamulo omwe amaletsa kusankhana, kupereka malipiro ofanana, ndi maudindo oyenerera kulandira ntchito kwa anthu oyenerera olumala. Malamulo awa ndi awa:
Mutu VII wa Civil Rights Act wa 1964 (Mutu VII), umene umaletsa ntchito kusankhana motsatira mtundu, mtundu, chipembedzo, kugonana, kapena dziko.
Makontrakitala a boma ndi subcontractors ayenera kuthandizira kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi mwayi wogwira ntchito popanda kulingalira mtundu, mtundu, chipembedzo, chiwerewere, kapena dziko. Olemba ntchito saloledwa kusankhana pa ntchito iliyonse kuphatikizapo kubwereka, kulemba, kulipira, kuthetsa, ndi kukweza.
Mutu VII umagwira ntchito kwa abwana omwe ali ndi antchito 15 kapena oposerapo, komanso makoleji ndi mayunivesite (onse a boma ndi apadera), mabungwe a ntchito, ndi mabungwe ogwira ntchito monga mgwirizano.
Boma la Civil Rights Act la 1964 linakhazikitsanso Komiti ya Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
EEOC ndi Chitetezo Cholimbikitsira Ogwira Ntchito a LGBT
Malingana ndi EEOC, kutanthauzira kwa EEOC za mutu wa Title VII wotsutsa tsankho chifukwa cha kugonana kumaphatikizapo zochita zilizonse za tsankho zoganizira za amuna kapena akazi kapena kugonana.
Zotsutsa zidzakakamizidwa mosasamala malamulo aliwonse a boma kapena a m'dera lanu.
The Equal Pay Act ya 1963 (EPA), yomwe imateteza amuna ndi akazi omwe amagwira ntchito yofanana mofanana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwapakati pa malipiro okhudzana ndi kugonana.
Olemba ntchito saloledwa kupereka malipiro otsika kwa amayi (kapena amuna) ngati mwamuna wina (kapena mkazi) akuchita ntchito yomweyo pamalipiro apamwamba. Mabungwe ogwira ntchito kapena othandizira awo amaletsedwanso kupangitsa ogwira ntchito kupereka magawo osiyana a antchito amphongo ndi akazi.
EPA ndi mbali ya Fair Labor Standards Act ya 1938, yomwe ikukonzekera kuti ipewe kusankhana chifukwa cha kugonana.
Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act ya 2009 , yomwe inakhazikitsa lamulo la EEOC kuti ndalama zonse zopanda malire ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusankhana malipiro. Mwachizoloŵezi, lamuloli linapereka lamulo la kulephera kutsutsa milandu pamilandu yopereka chisankho chifukwa cha kugonana, mtundu, dziko, zaka, chipembedzo, ndi kulemala.
Age Discrimination Act Act 1967 (ADEA), yomwe imateteza anthu omwe ali ndi zaka 40 kapena kuposerapo. ADEA imagwira ntchito ku mabungwe omwe ali ndi antchito 20 kapena kuposa, kuphatikizapo maboma, mabungwe ogwira ntchito, ndi mabungwe ogwira ntchito.
Olemba ntchito amaloledwa kupatsa antchito achikulire pa achinyamata (ngakhale atsikana omwe ali ndi zaka 40 kapena kuposa). Komanso, ADEA sikuteteza antchito osakwana zaka 40 kuchokera kuchisankho cha ntchito choyambira pa msinkhu.
Choncho, ngati mumagwira ntchito zamakampani omwe ali ndi zaka zambiri, muli osakwana zaka 40, koma mukuganiza kuti mukusankhidwa chifukwa cha msinkhu, chitetezo cha ADEA sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mlandu wanu.
Mutu Woyamba I ndi mutu V wa Amishonale Achilemala Act wa 1990 (ADA), womwe umaletsa ntchito kusankhana ndi anthu olemala m'boma lapadera, komanso m'maboma a boma ndi a boma .
Mutu Woyamba ndikuphimba olemba ntchito ndi antchito 15 kapena ochulukirapo powasankha anthu olemala mu ntchito zothandizira ntchito, kulemba, kuwombera, kulipira ntchito, kuphunzitsa ntchito, ndi zina ntchito.
Mutu Ndikugwiritsanso ntchito ku mabungwe ogwira ntchito ndi mabungwe ogwira ntchito.
Mutu V uli ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi Mutu Woyamba ndi Zina Zina za ADA. Mwachitsanzo, Vesi V imatanthawuza kuti ADA sichiposa malamulo ena, a boma, kapena a m'madera omwe amapereka chitetezo chofanana kapena chachikulu kuposa Chilamulo.
Limafotokozanso kuti anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo sakuphimbidwa ndi ADA.
Zigawo 501 ndi 505 za Rehabilitation Act ya 1973, zomwe zimaletsa kusankhana kwa anthu olemala omwe amagwira ntchito ku boma, komanso kupereka ndondomeko yothetsera malamulo ndi malipiro a oyimira.
Lamulo la Civil Rights Act la 1991 , lomwe, mwa zina, limapereka ndalama zowonongeka pochita chisankho chofuna ntchito . Amakonzanso malamulo angapo a EEOC, kulola mayesero a jury ndi zowonongeka zomwe zingakhalepo pa mutu VII ndi ADA milandu yokhudza kusankhana mwachangu.
Kuyang'anira EEOC ndi Kulimbikitsana
Komiti ya US Equal Empower Opportunity Commission (EEOC) imapereka malamulo onsewa ndikupereka kuyang'anira ndi kugwirizanitsa malamulo onse ogwirizana a mwayi wogwira ntchito, ndondomeko, ndi ndondomeko
Boma Lofanana Ndi Ntchito Makomiti Opindulitsa
Kuwongolera kwina ndipo nthawi zina chitetezo chowonjezereka chimaperekedwa ndi mabungwe a ufulu waumunthu ku mkhalidwe wa boma. Anthu omwe amakhulupirira kuti ufulu wawo waphwanyidwa amatha kulankhulana ndi mabungwewa kuti athetseretu zifukwa zawo. Mayiko angathe kuwonjezera zowonjezera malamulo koma saloledwa kunyalanyaza chitetezo chilichonse choperekedwa kudzera mu EEOC.