Zimene Ogwira Ntchito Zomangamanga Amachita
Akatswiri a zomangamanga akukonza ndi kuyang'anira ntchito zomanga nyumba zazikulu monga nyumba, misewu, ndege, madoko ndi madamu.
Iwo akhoza kugwira ntchito pa bungwe la boma kapena m'makampani ogulitsira okha akukhamukira mgwirizano wa boma. Popeza pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapulojekiti omwe amisiri amatha kugwira ntchito, ambiri amapanga mtundu wa polojekiti kapena nthambi ya ntchito monga engineering engineering, engineering structural kapena geotechnical engineering.
Ntchito zambiri zimachitika ku ofesi, koma akatswiri a zomangamanga amapita kumalo osungirako ntchito kuti ayang'ane ntchito yomanga. Amaonetsetsa kuti polojekiti ikuyenda molingana ndi ndondomeko ndikuyankha mafunso alionse omanga nyumba.
Nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi, akatswiri a zomangamanga amalankhula za mapulani oyang'anira mabungwe ndi anthu onse. Amapezanso zikalata za polojekiti ngati mayankho a zopempha zokhudzana ndi zofunsira, zolemba zolemba, ndi malipoti. Akatswiri a zomangamanga m'madera apadera amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi oyang'anira makampani a boma.
Kuwonjezera pa digiri ya koleji mu zomangamanga zapamwamba kapena chimodzi mwazipadera zake, akatswiri a zomangamanga omwe amalembetsa mapulani a polojekiti kapena kuyang'anitsitsa akatswiri ena a boma ayenera kupatsidwa chilolezo malinga ndi malamulo omwe amachitidwa ndi maboma a boma.
Njira zothandizira maulamuliro zimaphatikizapo mayeso angapo ndipo zimafuna zaka zambiri za ntchito. Pamapeto pake, akatswiri a zomangamanga apatsidwa chilolezo cha akatswiri odziwika bwino (kapena PE).
Zizindikiro za Akatswiri Ogwira Ntchito
Udindo wamakampani umafuna kukhala ndi luso lapadera. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zovuta kwambiri kuti zitheke ndi kuyang'anira ntchito.
Zolinga zina zimatha kukonzedwa pokhapokha, koma kubweretsa zolinga za moyo kumafuna gulu, ndipo injiniya wamkulu ndiye mtsogoleri wa gululi. Kumene gulu la gulu limagwirizana ndi la ena, katswiri wa zomangamanga amatsimikiza kuti zonse zimagwirizana. Maluso onse omwe amayenera kubweretsedwa ku polojekiti iliyonse ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumagulu a ntchito za anthu. Akatswiri a zomangamanga amachititsa ena kukhala ndi mlandu pamene akuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yomanga ntchito ikukwaniritsidwa pa nthawi, pa bajeti ndi kuyembekezera ziyembekezo zabwino.
Akatswiri a zomangamanga ndi zosokoneza zabwino. Pamene zolinga zolembedwa sizikugwirizana ndi zenizeni, akatswiri a zomangamanga akukonza njira zomwe zingagwire ntchito. Amayankha mafunso okhudzana ndi polojekitiyo pamene omwe akugwira ntchito za polojekiti amafunika kuwunikira.
Kuphunzira masamu apamwamba n'kofunika kwambiri pa zomangamanga. Geometry ndi calculus ndizofunikira zofunikira. Inde, mapulogalamu a makompyuta amatha kuthetsa mgwirizano pakati pa milliseconds, koma akatswiri a zomangamanga ayenera kudziwa zomwe ziwerengerozo zikutanthawuza ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito pokonzekera. Anthu omwe sali pa gulu lalikulu lomwe amagwira ntchito yopanga ntchito zapadera samvetsa madera a masamu kufikira momwe asayansi akugwira ntchito, koma iwo omwe amasankha zochita za polojekiti ya ntchito ya anthu amamvetsa masamu a bizinesi.
Akatswiri a zomangamanga amapereka kulingalira kwa ndalama ndikukonzekera bajeti. Amafunika kugula kuchokera kwa ochita zisankho pambali ya ndalama kuti athe kuyika ma geometry ndi luso lawo kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino.
Mapulani nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mabungwe ambiri a boma. Kuyenda mumsewu wopita kumbali kungaphatikizepo mabungwe mu boma, boma ndi boma. Pazinthu zina, bungwe loposa limodzi la boma limapereka thandizo la ndalama. Akuluakulu osankhidwa ndi akuluakulu a boma amapereka chidwi kwambiri pazinthu zomwe amapeza kumbuyo kwa ndalama kusiyana ndi zomwe zikuchitika m'madera awo. Mwachitsanzo, komiti ya mzinda imadziwa ntchito za misewu mumsewu, koma zimakhudzidwa ndi ntchito za pamsewu mkati mwa mzindawo.
Ntchito
Malingana ndi chiwerengero cha 2010 cha US Bureau of Labor Statistics, akatswiri ambiri amisiri amagwira ntchito payekha.
Makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito akatswiri a zomangamanga amagonjetsa mabungwe a boma kupanga, kukonza kapena kukonzanso ntchito zomanga anthu. Gawo lalikulu la akatswiri a zomangamanga amagwira ntchito m'maboma osiyanasiyana: 13% mu boma la boma, 11% mu boma la boma ndi 5% mu boma la federal. Akatswiri a zomangamanga amachitanso chimodzimodzi ndi anthu omwe ali payekha, koma sayenera kukangana nawo malonda. Amapikisana ndi ntchito kudzera mu boma polemba njira .
Misonkho
Chiwerengerochi chimasinthasintha, koma akatswiri a zomangamanga amalandira pafupifupi ndalama zambiri za $ 77,560. Opeza ndalama 10% amapanga zoposa $ 119,320. Pansi 10% amapanga zosakwana $ 50,560. Pa malo onse katswiri wa zomangamanga angagwire ntchito, ndalama zopindulitsa kwambiri ndi boma la federal - osachepera lonse. Ambiri a malipiro a injini ya boma mu boma la federal ndi $ 89,450. Ambiri a malipiro a alangizi a zomangamanga m'boma la boma amawombera kawirikawiri ntchitoyi pang'onopang'ono. Amapeza ndalama zokwana madola 80,250. Ambiri a malipiro a alangizi a boma mu boma la boma ndi $ 74,300.