The American Legion
American Legion (yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa "Legion") inayambanso kumbuyo nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse monga gulu la maofti makumi awiri omwe anatumikira ku American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) ku France - AEF Headquarters adawafunsa atsogoleriwa kuti apereke maganizo pa momwe mungapangitsire nkhondo zachikhalidwe.
Msilikali wina, Lieutenant-Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, Jr (mwana wamkulu wa Pulezidenti wa 26), adapanga bungwe la asilikali akale. Mu February, 1919, kagulu kameneka kanakhazikitsa komiti yosakhalitsa, ndipo anasankha maofti mazana angapo omwe anali ndi chidaliro ndi kulemekezedwa ndi gulu lonselo. Mwezi wotsatira, apolisi pafupifupi 1000 ndi amuna omwe analembetsa nawo anapezeka pamsonkhano woyamba wa bungwe, wotchedwa Paris Caucus. Pamsonkhanowu, gululi linakhazikitsa lamulo laling'ono ndipo limatchedwa "The American Legion."
Bungwe la American Legion linasankhidwa ndi Congress mu 1919 monga bungwe lokonda dziko, lothandizana ndi nkhondo-nthawi yamagulu ankhondo ndi gulu loyamba la American Legion ku United States linali Jenerali John Joseph Pershing Post Number 1 ku Washington, DC, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa pa March 7, 1919 , ndipo adalandira lamulo loyamba loperekedwa ku Legion pa May 19, 1919. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, American Legion yakhala ikuchokera ku gulu la ankhondo othawa nkhondo a World War I mpaka mmodzi wa magulu omwe sakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi a United States States - American Legion ndi bungwe la gulu lomwe likuwerengetsa anthu okwana 2.4 miliyoni mu 14,000 malo padziko lonse lapansi.
Zigawozo zimapangidwira m'matawuni 55: limodzi lirilonse la mayiko 50, limodzi ndi District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, France, Mexico ndi Philippines.
Kuyenerera kwa amishonale a American Legion ndi ochepa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zida zankhondo komanso antchito a tsopano a United States Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard kapena Air Force omwe amatha kugwira ntchito tsiku limodzi pa nthawi izi:
Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse: April 6, 1917 mpaka November 11, 1918
Nkhondo Yachiŵiri Yadziko Lonse: December 7, 1941 mpaka December 31, 1946 (kupatulapo kuti mayiko oyenerera ku US Merchant Marine ndi December 7, 1941 mpaka 16 August 1945)
Nkhondo Yachi Korea: June 25, 1950 mpaka January 31, 1955
Nkhondo ya Vietnam: February 28, 1961 mpaka May 7, 1975
1982 Nkhondo ya Lebanon ndi Operation Urgent Fury (Grenada): August 24, 1982 mpaka July 31, 1984
Ntchito Yokha Chifukwa (Panama): December 20, 1989 mpaka January 31, 1990
Gulf War / War On Terror (Desert Shield, Mphepo Yamkuntho, Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ufulu Wosatha, ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ufulu wa Iraq): August 2, 1990 mpaka lero
VFW imatsatila mizu yake kubwerera mu 1899 mpaka mabungwe awiri omwe akulimbana ndi nkhondo:
American Veterans of Foreign Foreign Service - inapangidwa kwa ankhondo a Spanish-American War (1898)
National Society of the Army of Philippines - inapangidwira asilikali omenyera nkhondo a Philippine-American (Aka Philippine Insurrection) (1899-1902)
Awiriwa adakhazikitsidwa monga mabungwe am'deralo kuti alandire ufulu ndi zopindulitsa pa ntchito yawo, popeza ambiri anafika kunyumba akuvulazidwa kapena akudwala, ndipo panalibenso chithandizo chamankhwala kapena penshoni kwa iwo; iwo anatsala kuti azisamalira okha.
Ankhondo Omwe Ankhondo Amayiko akunja
VFW inakhazikitsidwa pa September 17, 1914 pa msonkhano ku Schenley Hotel ku Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania komwe mabungwe awiri a zida zankhondo adagwirizanitsa chimodzi, ndipo mitu inakhazikitsidwa ku Colorado, Ohio ndi Pennsylvania.
Pa malo atatu omwe amati ndi oyamba, bungwe la National VFW limazindikira kuti Denver Post ndi yoyamba; tsopano ndizovomerezeka "VFW Post 1.
Pofika mu 1915, umembala unakula kufika 5,000; pofika m'chaka cha 1936, pamene idakhala bungwe la boma lopanda phindu, umembala unali pafupifupi 200,000. Lero, umembala umakhala pafupifupi 1,4 miliyoni (komabe, umembala wa National VFWs wagwa pa 1.8 miliyoni mu 2004).
Kuti akhale membala wa VFW, munthuyo ayenera kukhala nzika ya US kapena dziko lokhala ndi ufulu wochokera ku nkhondo ya US, kapena panopa akutumikira ku United States Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, kapena Coast Guard. Mamembala amafunanso kuti azitumikire kumayiko akunja panthawi ya opaleshoni kapena kukangana ndi zokongoletsera ndi Medal Expeditionary Medal, medal campaign (kapena ribbon).
Ambiri a American Legion ndi VFW apitilizapo kuposa kungokhala ankhondo omwe akuthandiza zida zankhondo - kuyambira poyambira kupereka thandizo lachuma, zamagulu, ndi zamaganizo kwa mamembala ankhondo a United States, ankhondo, ndi otsalira awo, komanso kukhala atsogoleri pochita nawo mbali m'madera monga kulangizira magulu a achinyamata, kuthandiza kumakhitchini a chakudya, ndi kudzipereka ku magazi (kupereka zitsanzo zingapo).