Komabe amapita makamaka osadziwika pakati pa zombo zonsezo, osasankhidwa ndi oyendetsa sitimayo pokhapokha ndi mapiko a golide omwe amaikidwa pamapifuwa awo ndi makalata akuti "AC" omwe ali pakati.
Makalatawa amayimira " gulu la ndege ," ndipo kupeza imodzi mwa zida zosaoneka bwino za golidi ndi imodzi mwa ziyeneretso zovuta kwambiri pazombozi.
NACCS ku NAS
Mwamtundu wotchedwa Naval Air Crew Candidate School (NACCS), Naval Air Station (NAS) Pensacola, Fla., Ndi malo ogwira ntchito omwe amasokonezeka mosavuta ngati kagawo kakang'ono ka kumwamba ndi makamaka nyengo yozungulira dzuwa. Koma musalole kuti tchuthi ngati ngati zikupusitsani; NACCS sali kanthu kokha koma tchuthi kwa ofuna ofuna mpweya.
"Boot camp yophunzitsa anthu angakukonzekeretseni ku Navy, koma sichikukonzekeretsani ku sukulu," anatero Air Crew Candidate, William Joseph Hamilton.
Kuti tipeze ufulu woyeserera ophunzira ku sukulu ndizovuta thupi ndi maganizo. Ofunikila oyenerera, onse odzipereka, ayenera kukhala otetezeka kwambiri ndikukhala osasunthika mokwanira kuti ayambe kuyesa kusambira pamsasa. Ayenera kudutsa kuunika kwa thupi la Navy (PFA) ndi "zogwira mtima" m'magulu onse chifukwa cha kugonana ndi msinkhu wawo, ndi kupititsa ndege asanayambe phazi pamtunda wa sukulu.
Ntchito yogwira ndege si aliyense. Oyendetsa ngalawa amatha kuponya pansi phokoso panthawi iliyonse yomwe amaphunzitsidwa ndi ophunzira. Zovuta, zakuthupi komanso zamaganizo zimadetsa aliyense amene sangathe kuchita chilichonse chimene chataya.
"Ife sitingakhoze kungotaya munthu aliyense wolembedwera ku ndege ndi kuyembekezera kuti apereke nawo ntchito," adatero Kenneth J..
Ellenburg, Mkulu wa NACCS Mkulu wa Atsikana yemwe akuyang'anira maphunziro. "Mphepete mwa Nkhondo Yoyendayenda sikuli ngati kuwuluka pa ndege. Pali zambiri zoti anthu ogwira ntchito ku ndege azichita pandege. "
Ntchito Zogwiritsa Ntchito Mpweya
Maofesi a ndege akusiyana malingana ndi mtundu wa ndege zomwe apatsidwa ndi kukwera kwa ndege. Ndege zapamadzi zimasuntha oyendetsa sitima ndi makalata, kumagwirira ntchito, kuyendetsa ndege, kuyendetsa ndege, kuyendetsa sitima zam'madzi ndi kuchita ntchito zina zomwe zimadziwika bwino.
Ntchito zogwiritsira ntchito ndege pazinthu zimenezi zingaphatikizepo kukonzanso kayendedwe ka magetsi, ma mechanical and ordnance delivery systems; kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi; kupanga ntchito monga akatswiri oyendetsa ndege, oyang'anira katundu, olemba komanso opanga mawindo pa ndege za kutenga ndi kutuluka (TACAMO); kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito ndege, kapena ogwira ntchito zothandizira zida; komanso akutumikira monga othandizira maulendo othawa ndege, odziwa zamankhwala othawa ndege kapena ngakhale antchito othamanga .
Ellenburg anati: "Anthu ogwira ntchito m'gulu la ndege amachititsa kuti ntchitoyi iziyenda bwino. "Oyendetsa ndege akungokufikirani inu kumeneko."
Nthawi zina, kungofika uko-ndi kubwerera-ndilo gawo lovuta kwambiri la ntchitoyi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe, pafupifupi ndege zonse komanso ndege za ndege zomwe zimakwera pamwamba pa NACCS zidzawonongeka panthawi yophunzitsidwa.
Alangizi amataya nthawi pang'ono kuti amvetsetse chidwi cha wophunzira wawo ku zovuta zenizeni za kayendetsedwe ka ndege, komwe zingatheke komanso zichitike.
Maphunziro osiyana siyana omwe amatchulidwa mobwerezabwereza atatulutsidwa ndi ndege, monga "helikopta dunker," yomwe imakhala mochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi nyumba ya helikopita, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi alangizi kuti akalowerere m'madzi. Popanda kuchenjeza, alangizi amatumizira dunker kukamwa mowa, kusinthasintha nyumbayo ngati ikumira. Ophunzira amayenera kuchoka pa mipando yawo podutsa njira zenizeni panthawi imene akuvala zida zawo, kenako ndi zida zakuda.
Mofanana ndi ntchito zambiri za Navy, malo opulumukira othawa magulu akutha kudziwa zambiri ndikutsata njira, zomwe zimapangidwira mitu yawo mpaka atakhala ofunika. Ellenburg anati: "Simukulemba mndandanda mukakhala pamadzi."
"Muyenera kukhala okhwima maganizo kuti muchite zinthu zabwino, chifukwa mutha kupeza mwayi umodzi ngati tsoka likupezani."
Kuchokera mu ndegeyi ndi mbali yokhayo yopulumuka kuntchito. Anthu ogwira ntchito kuntchito ayenera kupewa kuthamanga pamene akukwera ndege zowononga, moto wotha, adani, chiwopsezo, kutentha, mafunde, kutopa, kutaya madzi ndi zovuta zina pakati pawo ndi njira iliyonse yopulumutsira Navy atumiza njira yawo. NACCS imaphatikizapo zonse-mu masabata anayi.
Anthu ogwira ntchito pandege amaphunzitsidwa kuti azigwira ntchito kwa anthu onse ogwira ntchito, okwera ndege komanso katundu aliyense wosamalidwa bwino, motero sitiyenera kudabwa kuti zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimapanga sukuluyi zimakhala zolimba komanso kusambira kwambiri.
Kupulumuka Kuphunzitsidwa kwa Otsatira
Otsatira ayenera kupititsa maphunziro asanu ndi anayi apulumuti kuti apitirize ku NACCS. Nthawi zambiri, mukamapita mumadzi ngati aviator, chifukwa chakuti chinachake chinalakwika kwambiri, "anatero Mate ( Water Survival Instructor Aviation Boatswain Mate) (Zida) kalasi yachiwiri Cory Smith. "Timapatsa ophunzira chidaliro chimene angafunikire kuti apulumuke ndi vuto la madzi. Timapangitsa kuti amvetse kuti amayenera kuthamanga kuchoka ku sitimayo (kapena ndege) kuti asapewe zinyalala, moto, ziphuphu ndi ena oyendetsa. Zimakhudza momwe mumalumphira mumadzi. Pewani njira yolakwika ndipo muyenera kuyesetsa kupulumuka ndi mwendo wosweka, wosasuntha, kapena woipitsitsa. "
Malingana ndi Smith, zimatha kutenga mphindi 15 kuti apulumutse helicopter kuti apulumuke, kotero kupulumuka kumatanthawuza kuti uyenera kuwapanga kumalo othamanga moyo kapena kupondaponda madzi mpaka thandizo lifike. Ophunzira omwe amamaliza maphunzirowa amachoka podziwa njira zowononga madzi monga kuyendetsa madzi, akuyandama ndi kuwapangitsa kuti apange moyo wawo, ngakhale atayenda makilomita 45 mpaka 50. za ndege zothamanga.
Airman Recruit Avery Layton anati: "Ndinaphunzira zambiri pamadzi. Anayesa kuyesa ndi kuyandama (WS-4) gawo lovuta kwambiri la maphunziro ake ku sukulu ya anthu ogwira ntchito. "Ndakhala ndikuopa kuti ndikuyika nkhope yanga m'madzi muno chifukwa ndakhala ndikuchita nthawi zambiri. Ndipo chinthu china ... kuvala nsapato sikukupatseni mitsuko yambiri m'madzi. "
Antchito ogwira ntchito m'ndege amapatsidwa udindo woposa kugwira ntchito yawo. Iwo amayembekezeredwa kukhala ngati mawotchi kwa antchito ena onse ndi ndege kuti athetse mavuto. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimawoneka mlengalenga ndi zizindikiro za hypoxia.
Hypoxia ndi thupi lomwe thupi limakhalapo pamene magazi a m'magazi amachepera pansi pa 87 peresenti, ndipo nthawi zambiri imayamba kumtunda kuposa mamita 10,000. Mavuto ochepa a mpweya amachititsa kuti asamagwire ntchito mofulumira komanso kuti azilephera kuganiza bwino. Otsatila akudutsa m'chipinda chochepa kwambiri, kumene akatswiri a zamagetsi monga a Corpsman a 2 Akale Marko Morin amaphunzitsa oyenda panyanja.
Morin anati, "Ngakhale kuti gulu la ndege silikuuluka ndege," adanena kuti, "amafunika kumvetsa zizindikiro za hypoxia, chifukwa ngati woyendetsa ndege ali ndi hypoxia, aliyense amene ali m'galimotoyo amawombera."
Kukhalabe Pansi
Kukhala pansi sikumasula anthu ogwira ntchito kuntchito. Popanda kuwuluka, amachititsa ntchito monga kukonza ndege, ntchito, magawano, mauthenga ndi ntchito zina zogwirizana ndi maganizidwe awo.
Nkhondo yowonongeka ndi anthu a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi imodzi mwa nsonga zovuta kwambiri kuti zipeze. Navy amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi chifukwa cha mbiri yomwe apanga mapiko a ndege .
Mbiri ya pulogalamu yophunzitsa anthu apolisi yathandiza kuti oyendetsa ndege asamakhulupirire anthu okhulupirira ndege, "anatero Ellenburg. "Oyendetsa ndege saganizira kuti zimene gulu la ndege lidawasankha."
Zopindulitsa za maphunziro kuchokera ku NACCS ndizofupikitsa, ndi kugwirana chanza ndi mtima wonse ndikukankhira patsogolo pazovuta zina mu gawo la magawo anayi omwe ali ndondomeko yophunzitsira ophunzira. Kuwonjezera pa kudutsa NACCS, oyenerera ayenera kugonjetsa chitukuko chawo "A" sukulu, Kukaniza Kukanikira Kukanika ndi Kuphunziranso Kutha ndikukwaniritsa malo awo enieni pamsasa woyendetsa ndege. Ndiye, ndipo pokhapokha angelo awa oteteza amapindula mapiko awo ndipo ndalama zina zowonjezera ndizolemba malipiro othandizira.
Koma tsiku lomwelo limakhala lovuta kwambiri kwa anthu ofuna kubwerera ku NACCS, omwe amafunitsitsa kuti asawononge zambiri kusiyana ndi gawo lawo labwino la madzi, kukwaniritsa kuthamanga kwa mailosi osasunthika ndi kuthawa phokoso lachitetezo cha helicopter dunker, kusiyana ndi tsiku limene amapeza mapiko awo, graya woyera a angelo oteteza awa.