SQL imagwiritsidwa ntchito kugawana ndi kusamalira deta, makamaka deta yomwe imapezeka mu machitidwe otsogolera okhudzana ndi ma data - deta imayikidwa mu matebulo, ndipo mafayilo angapo, omwe ali ndi matebulo a deta, angagwirizanitsidwe pamodzi ndi munda wamba.
Pogwiritsa ntchito SQL, mukhoza kufunsa (pemphani chidziwitso kuchokera kumabuku), ndikukonzekanso ndikukonzanso deta, komanso kulenga ndi kusintha schema Mapulogalamu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa seva ya SQL ndi Microsoft Access, MySQL, ndi Oracle.
Mbiri ya SQL
Mu 1969, kafukufuku wa IBM Edgar F. Codd adatanthauzira zachitsanzo, zomwe zinakhala maziko oyambitsa chinenero cha SQL. Mwachidule, chitsanzo chachinsinsi chokhala ndi chidziwitso chiri ndi chidziwitso chofanana (kapena "chinsinsi") chokhudzana ndi deta zosiyanasiyana. Chitsanzo ndi dzina lakutumiki likugwirizanitsidwa ndi dzina lanu lenileni komanso nambala ya foni.
Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, IBM inayamba kugwira ntchito chinenero chatsopano kwa kayendedwe ka mabungwe othandizira mabungwe okhudzana ndi malo ogwirizana ndi zofufuza za Codd. Chilankhulocho poyamba chinkatchedwa SEQUEL, kapena Structured English Query Language. Ntchitoyi, yomwe inatchedwa System / R, inadutsa njira zochepa zomwe zinagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso zowonongedwa, ndipo dzina lachinenerocho anasinthidwa nthawi zingapo asanatchedwe SQL.
Atayamba kuyesa SQL mu 1978, IBM inayamba kupanga malonda, kuphatikizapo SQL / DS (1981) ndi DB2 (1983). Ogulitsa ena amatsatira zomwezo, akulengeza zopereka zawo zamalonda za SQL. Oracle, amene anatulutsa choyamba chake mu 1979, komanso Sybase ndi Ingres.
Kuphunzira SQL
SQL ndi yosavuta kwa oyamba kumene kuphunzira kusiyana ndi iwo kuti azitenga zinenero zoyenera monga Java, C ++, PHP kapena C #.
Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira SQL, koma muli ndi pulogalamu yaying'ono yowerengera, mungapindule poyesa pogwiritsa ntchito chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zili pansipa, kenako mutenge dive yopitilira ndi yunivesite yeniyeni kapena koleji. Popanda kutero, mungagwiritse ntchito mwayi wophunzira payekha payekha kapena maphunziro apadera.
Pano pali zitsanzo za maphunziro apadera:
W3Schools SQL Tutorial
SQLcourse.com (choyamba SQL phunziro)
Codecademy ili ndi pulogalamu Yophunzira SQL, komanso maphunziro apamwamba pofufuza SQL zamakampani zamakono
Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi maphunziro apakati a mapepala, timalimbikitsa a International Webmasters Association (IWA) Kuyamba kwa SQL (Kugwiritsa Ntchito) kapena Kulengeza kwa SQL (Kugwiritsa ntchito MySQL).
Ndatenga maphunziro a IWA kale. SQL yomwe ili ndi masabata anai okha, koma ndi oposa kwambiri ophunzitsira okha chifukwa maphunzirowa amatsogoleredwa ndi aphunzitsi ndipo akuphatikizapo kumaliza ntchito yapadera kamodzi pa sabata. Mudzadabwa kuti mungaphunzire bwanji nthawi yayitali.
Mabuku othandiza pa SQL oyambitsa ndi awa:
SQL: Buku la Oyamba
SQL Mwachidule
Fufuzani laibulale yanu yapafupi kuti muwone ngati akunyamula mabukuwa kapena ena a SQL oyambirira.
Maluso a SQL ndi ofunikira
Monga tanenera kale, pafupifupi aliyense amafunikira wina ndi chidziwitso cha SQL m'gulu lake.
Malingana ndi Gooroo, ntchito 50,705 inalengezedwa mu 2015 yomwe inkafuna kudziwa SQL, ndipo malipiro apakati pa malo omwe amafuna SQL kudziwa ndi $ 81,632.
Nazi zina mwa maudindo omwe amafunikira luso la SQL: