Malipoti Amapeza Ntchito Zogonana Zomwe Zimasintha Pakati pa Achinyamata Achimereka
Kutembenuza Ntchito Zogonana
Kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri ya kafukufukuyo, amasonyeza kuti amayi ochepera zaka 29 ali otheka monga amuna kuti apeze ntchito ndi udindo wambiri.
Mu 1992, kafukufukuyu anapeza kuti 80 peresenti ya amuna ochepera zaka 29 anafuna ntchito ndi maudindo ambiri, kuphatikizapo 72 peresenti ya atsikana. Chikhumbo cha udindo waukulu chinachepa kwa amuna ndi akazi onse mufukufuku wa 1997, (61 peresenti kwa amuna ndi 54 peresenti kwa akazi) ndipo kenako anapita mu 2002 kufika 66 peresenti kwa amuna ndi 56 peresenti kwa akazi.
Mu 2008, atsikana omwe sankafuna udindo wina adafotokozera chifukwa chake:
- 31 peresenti inanena kuti kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito.
- 19 peresenti ali kale ndi ntchito yapamwamba.
- 15 peresenti adawonetsa nkhaŵa za kukhala ndi kusintha kokwanira kokonza ntchito ndi kunyumba.
Kukhala Mayi Sikutaya Kufuna
Chinthu chachiwiri chimene akatswiri ofufuza anatsindika chinali chakuti mu 2008, amayi achichepere ankafuna ntchito yambiri kuposa anzawo omwe analibe ana.
Poyang'ana akazi ochepera zaka 29 mu 1992, 78 peresenti ya amayi opanda ana ndi amayi makumi asanu ndi limodzi (60%) a amayi ankafuna maudindo ambiri. Zomwezo zinagwedezeka mu 2008, ndi 66 peresenti ya amayi opanda ufulu ndi amayi 69 peresenti ya amayi aang'ono omwe akufuna ntchito zapamwamba.
"Poyerekeza 1992 ndi 2008, zikhalidwe ziwiri zomwe zikuwoneka bwino zikuchitika: pakati pa Millenials (osakwana zaka 29), akazi ali ndi mwayi wofuna ntchito ndi udindo waukulu," inatero lipotilo. "Lerolino, palibe kusiyana pakati pa atsikana omwe ali ndi ana opanda chiwopsezo pakufuna kupita kuntchito ndi udindo waukulu."
"Pogwirizana, zikhalidwe ziwirizi zikusonyeza kuti amayi a Millenial ali ndi chikhalidwe chofanana ndi anzawo anzawo pazokhumba zapamwamba ndi kuyembekezera," lipotilo linati.
Amuna ndi Akazi Amavomereza pazochita zogonana
Komanso kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri ya kafukufuku, mu 2008 pafupifupi chiwerengero chomwecho cha amuna ndi akazi chikhulupiliro pazochita zachikhalidwe.
Azimayi okwana 42 peresenti ndi amayi makumi atatu ndi anayi ndi makumi atatu ndi atatu (39%) adagwirizana ndi ndemanga yakuti ndibwino kwa aliyense "ngati bamboyo atenga ndalama ndipo mkaziyo akusamalira nyumba ndi ana." Izi ndizochokera kwa 74 peresenti ya amuna ndi 52 peresenti ya amayi omwe adathandizira maudindo achikhalidwe mu 1977.
Mudzazindikira kuti amuna ambiri kuposa amai asintha maganizo awo pa maudindo a amuna pakati pa chaka cha 1977 ndi 2008. Amuna omwe ali ndi mabanja awiri omwe analandira ndalama zambiri adasintha malingaliro awo, ndi 37 peresenti yokhala ndi malingaliro a chikhalidwe m'chaka cha 2008 ndi 70 peresenti mu 1977.
Mibadwo yakale imakhala ndi malingaliro amtundu wambiri pa chikhalidwe kusiyana ndi achinyamata. Koma lipotili linapeza kuti mibadwo yakale imakhala yotseguka kwa maudindo omwe si achikhalidwe kuposa kale. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani tsamba 11 la lipoti .
Kuvomereza Kwambiri Kugwira Ntchito Amayi
Mu 2008, 73 peresenti ya antchito akuti amayi ogwira ntchito angathe kukhala ndi ubale wabwino ndi ana awo monga amayi omwe amakhala kunyumba.
Izo ziri mmwamba kuchokera 58 peresenti mu 1977.
Pakati pa amuna, chiwerengerochi chinali 67 peresenti mu 2008 ndipo 49 peresenti mu 1977. Kwa amayi, 80 peresenti mu 2008 amakhulupilira kuti amayi akugwira ntchito amatha kukhala ndi ubale wabwino pakati pa ana, kuyambira 71 peresenti mu 1977.
Anthu omwe anakulira ndi amayi ogwira ntchito amagwirizana kwambiri kuti amayi ogwirira ntchito angathe kukhala ndi ubale wabwino ndi ana.
Kodi Ntchito Zotani Ndi Ndani?
Mu 2008, amayi asanu ndi awiri (56%) adanena kuti anachita pafupifupi theka la kuphika, kuyambira 34 peresenti m'chaka cha 1992. Azimayi amawona mosiyana koma ali ndi 25% ponena kuti amuna amachita theka, kuyambira 15 peresenti mu 1992.
Ponena za kuyeretsa panyumba, pali kusiyana kwakukulu kwambiri kwa kulingalira za yemwe amagwira ntchitoyo. Azimayi 53 pa 100 aliwonse akuti amachititsa pafupifupi theka, kuyambira 40 peresenti mu 1992. Koma amayi 20 pa 100 alionse ananena kuti mwamuna kapena mkazi wawo amakhala ndi theka la magawo 18 pa 1992, osati kusiyana kwenikweni.
"Zili bwino kuti anthu azikhala nawo komanso kuti adzikonzekera kusamalira ana, kuphika ndi kuyeretsa zaka makumi atatu zapitazi kusiyana ndi kale."
Kukula Ntchito-Moyo Wotsutsana kwa Amuna
Pamene abambo ndi abambo akuwonjezera udindo wawo kunyumba, akukumana ndi ntchito zovuta zowonjezera komanso ntchito zapabanja.
Mu 2008, amuna makumi asanu ndi anayi (45%) adanena kuti akumenyana chifukwa cha ntchito, kuyambira 34 peresenti mu 1997. Poyerekeza ndi 39 peresenti ya amayi akutsutsana mu 2008, kuyambira 34 peresenti mu 1997.
Abambo anagwedezeka kwambiri, ndipo 59 peresenti ya abambo omwe anali ndi mabanja awiri omwe amapereka ndalama zolimbana ndi ntchito-banja lakale, poyerekezera ndi 35 peresenti mu 1977. M'mabanja omwe amapeza ndalama imodzi, 50 peresenti ya abambo anamva nkhondo.
Poyang'ana amayi, 45 peresenti anamva mkangano mu 2008, kuyambira 41 peresenti mu 1977.
Ndizosangalatsa kuona kuti ntchito za amai ndi amai zikupitirizabe kusintha koma pali ntchito yochuluka yomwe iyenera kuchitidwa kuti tiyambe bwino amayi athu ogwira ntchito.
Yosinthidwa ndi Elizabeth McGrory