Mabaibulo atsopano ndi owala kuposa omwe analipo kale
Asilikali a ku United States adagwiritsira ntchito tank ya Abrams tchimwene chake - omwe amadziwika kuti M1A3 - kumenyana mu 2017. Akuluakulu ankhondo adanena kuti akukonzekera kuteteza sitima yautaliyo mpaka kalekale mpaka chaka cha 2050.
Mbali Zatsopano za Tank Abrams
Mamembala a M1A3 ali okonzeka ndi zowonjezera zingapo pamasulidwe oyambirira. Kuti zikhale zophweka komanso zamtundu wambiri, asilikali analowetsa mfuti ya M256 bwino ndi mfuti ya 120-millimeter; mawilo a msewu wowonjezera ndi njira yowonongeka bwino; adaika njira yowonjezereka; kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowala; ndipo analowetsa zida zomveka bwino zogunda zida kuchokera makilomita 12.
Ndondomeko zinafunikanso kuwonjezera pa kamera kamene kali ndi kachipangizo kameneka.
Kupititsa patsogolo kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti mapangidwe a Abrams apitirire komanso kuti sitimayi ikhale yogwira bwino kwambiri pa nkhondo zapadziko lapansi. Ankhondo adalengeza kuti apite ku tank ya Abrams ndikuwatsitsimutsa ndi XM1202 Mounted Combat System, thanki yowonjezera komanso yopepuka. Koma Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo inaphwanya msonkhanowo mu April 2009 panthawi yochepetsera bajeti.
Chisinthiko cha Abrams Zaka Zoposa 30
Gombe loyamba la Abrams - lotchedwa M1 - linalowa mu 1980. Ilo limatchulidwa ndi General Creighton Abrams, yemwe anali mtsogoleri wa asilikali a US ku Vietnam kuyambira 1968 mpaka 1972. Mibadwo ina iwiri ya tank ya Abrams yapititsidwa kunkhondo zaka 30 zapitazo - M1A1 ndi M1A2.
Sitima ya Abrams inagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asilikali a US ku Ulaya kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980. Sitima yoyamba inali kuyendetsedwa pa nkhondo ya Gulf 1991.
Mafunde pafupifupi 2,000 a matani anaikidwa ku Saudi Arabia monga gawo la Operation Desert Storm. Abrams anatsimikizira kuti anali amphamvu kwambiri polimbana ndi akasinja a Soviet omwe ankagwiritsa ntchito gulu lankhondo la Iraq mu nkhondo imeneyo.
Pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Gulf 1991, tank ya Abrams inasinthidwa ku chitsanzo cha M1A2 ndikuitumiza ku Bosnia ndi ku Middle East.
Thanki yakhala yogwira ntchito chifukwa cha kuwombera kwake molondola, chipolopolo champhamvu, ndi kukhazikika mu malo ovuta a chipululu. Koma kunalibe thanki yaikulu yomwe inali yosavuta kusonkhanitsa mofulumira.
Chombo chatsopano chatsopano cha thanki chinali ndi zida zomwe zimaphatikizapo M256 smoothbore mfuti, mfuti yamakina 50 M2HB; Mfuti yamakina M240 7.62-millimeter; ndi kusuta ziwombankhanga za grenade. Sitima imagwiritsanso ntchito injini zamagetsi.
Zosintha kwa Tank Abrams
Ngakhale kuti zinachitika, Abrams adatsutsidwa chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi kulemera kwake. Pafupifupi matani 70, thankiyo inakhala yovuta kuyendetsa mpweya kupita kumadera akumenyana. Zinali zosatheka kuwoloka milatho yambiri. Asilikali ankafuna kuthetsa mavutowa ndi matsopano ya M1A3 ya Abrams, yomwe ili yowala komanso yosasinthika kuposa mibadwo yakale.
Bungwe la Congress linapereka ndalama zowonjezereka ku tank ya Abrams mu 2014, kutsogolera pafupifupi $ 120 miliyoni kuti zipangidwe bwino kwambiri, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zothandizira zomwe zingachepetse nthawi yomwe injini ya sitima ikukhala mu njira yopanda pake.