Ufulu wa Utumiki wa United States
Asilikali a ku United States amakhala okonzeka kupempha mwa kufuna kwawo, koma lamulo likufuna anyamata kuti azilembetsa kudzera mu Selective Service System. Izi zimapangitsa kuti polojekiti ikhale yosinthidwa ngati ikufunika, monga momwe inagwiritsidwira ntchito pa nkhondo ya Vietnam. Mndandandawo sunagwiritsidwe ntchito pa Gulf War kapena nkhondo yowopsa. Zomwe zili pansipa zikupezeka mwatsatanetsatane ku Selective Service System.
Ndani Ayenera Kulembetsa ndi Selection Service System?
Pafupi nzika zonse za Amuna za US, ndipo alendo omwe amakhala ku US, omwe ali ndi zaka 18 mpaka 25, akuyenera kulembetsa ndi Selective Service monga mwa lamulo la Military Selective Service Act
- Ngakhale osakhala nzika ayenera kulemba ngati sakuli ku US pa ophunzira kapena visa la alendo kapena gawo la malonda kapena malonda. Sewero la Kusankhidwa silikusonkhanitsa kapena kugawana zambiri zokhudza chikhalidwe cha alendo. Anthu osayimilira komanso omwe amakhala osakhazikika alamulo ayenera kulemba ngati atabwera kudzikoli asanakwanitse zaka 26. Anthu amitundu iwiri ayenera kulemba.
- Ngati mutapitidwa kuchipatala kapena kutsekeredwa kundende, simukuyenera kulembetsa mpaka mutatulutsidwa, ngati muli ndi zaka zosachepera 26.
- Ngati ndinu olumala, muyenera kulembetsa ngati mungachoke panyumba panu ndikuyenda nokha.
- Transgender malamulo: Ngati munabadwira akazi ndipo muli ndi kusintha kwa amuna, simukuyenera kulemba. Ngati munabadwa mwamuna ndipo muli ndi kusintha kwa amuna, muyenera kulemba.
- Akazi ndi anthu obadwa abambo safunikila kulembetsa, koma izo zingasinthidwe ngati Congress ikasintha lamulo.
- Palibe ufulu kwa ana aamuna okha, mwana wamwamuna woyamba kutengera dzina la banja kapena ana okhawo omwe akukhalapo .
Kodi Ndondomeko Yotani?
Pulezidenti Franklin Roosevelt anasaina Selection Training and Service Act ya 1940 yomwe inachititsa kuti dzikoli likhale loyamba pa mtendere ndi kukhazikitsanso Selective Service System monga bungwe la Federal.
Ngakhale izi zisanachitike, dziko lathu lakhala ndi mbiri yakale yolemba anthu kuti azitumikira.
Kuchokera mu 1948 mpaka 1973, panthawi ya mtendere ndi nthawi ya nkhondo, amuna adalembedwera kudzaza malo ogwira ntchito omwe sangathe kudzazidwa mwa njira zaufulu. Lamuloli linatha mu 1973, ndipo US adatembenuzidwa kukhala asilikali odzipereka.
Chiwerengero cha zolembera chinaimitsidwa mu April 1975. Chinayambanso kachiwiri mu 1980 ndi Pulezidenti Carter poyankha nkhondo ya Soviet ku Afghanistan. Kulembetsa kukupitirizabe lero ngati chida chotsutsana ndi kunyalanyaza chiwerengero cha atumiki omwe akufunikira mtsogolo.
Udindo wa munthu kuti azilembetsa umaperekedwa ndi a Military Selective Service Act. Lamulo limakhazikitsa ndikuyendetsa ntchito za Selective Service System.
Chojambula cha Lottery System
Pulezidenti atavomereza ndipo Purezidenti adasaina lamulo lobwezeretsanso ndondomekoyi, Ntchito yosankha idzayankhidwa, ndipo idzakhazikitsa loti yotengera, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa pa tsiku lobadwa la olembetsa
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) inakhazikitsa kalendala yapaderadera ndi pulogalamu ya kusankha kwa Selection Service. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosankhidwa yosabwereka, tsiku lililonse la chaka amasankhidwa ndi makompyuta mwanjira yowonongeka, ndipo tsikulo limayikidwa mu capsule ndipo imanyamula mu dramu yayikulu mwachisawawa.
Mwa njira yomweyi, nambala za 1 mpaka 365 (366 kwa amuna obadwa chaka chotsatira) zimasankhidwanso mwanjira yowonongeka, zimayikidwa mu makapulisi, ndipo makapulisi amaikidwa mu sewero lachiwiri. Owonerera ovomerezeka amatsimikizira kuti kudzaza kapsule ndi kunyamula zida zikuchitidwa molingana ndi ndondomeko zoyenera. Chizindikiritso chimenechi chimatetezedwa ku damu lililonse; iwo amasindikizidwa ndi kuikidwa mu malo osungirako.
Pano pali momwe loti ingagwire ntchito: Mmodzi wa capsule amachokera ku dramu yomwe ili ndi masiku obadwa kubadwa Januari 1 mpaka December 31. Chotsulo chimodzi chimachokera ku drum yomwe ili ndi nambala yowerengera kuchokera 1 mpaka 365 (366 ngati bungweli lidzatchula amuna obadwa nthawi chaka chotsitsimula) ndi tsiku ndi nambala zikuphatikizidwa kuti zikhazikitse chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha tsiku lililonse lobadwa. Izi zimachitika powona onse owona, akuluakulu, ndi ma TV.
Olembetsa omwe ali ndi ziwerengero zochepa za loti amalamulidwa kuti azifotokozera kuunika kwa thupi, maganizo, ndi khalidwe labwino pa Station Service Processing Station kuti adziwe ngati ali oyenera kulowa usilikali. Akadziwitsidwa za zotsatira za kufufuza, wolembetsa adzapatsidwa masiku khumi kuti apereke chigamulo chomasula, kuimitsa, kapena kusungidwa.
Mabungwe a MEP angagwiritse ntchito mndandanda wa inductee. Inductee iliyonse imayikidwa pambali pa zikhulupiliro zawo ndi zochitika zawo, kuwonetsa amene amatsutsidwa kapena kukhululukidwa.
Zolemba Zokonzekera
Zomwe zikutchulidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pokhazikitsa ndondomeko ndi Congress. Panthawi imeneyo, ziphuphu zimayesedwa ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zithetsedwe, zisamayesedwe, komanso zisamalowe usilikali. Mwamunayo angadandaule kuti apange bungwe la Selective Service Appeal Board. Pano pali mndandanda wa zina, ngakhale sizinthu zonse, zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito panopa ndi zomwe zimatanthauza:
Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri ndi zotsatirazi
- 1-A: Amapezeka mwamsanga kumalo a usilikali.
- 1-O: Wotsutsa Chikumbumtima
- 4-F: Wosayenerera Ntchito Yachimuna chifukwa cha zamankhwala.
Kwa zizindikiro zonse zomwe zilipo kwa ophunzira, otsatira achipembedzo, kapena zifukwa zina zimawona tsamba lokhazikika la Selective Service.
Msilikali Wodzifunira Wonse - Momwe Amagwiritsira Ntchito Zochepa Pokhapokha Zosintha
Muzaka zomwe sizinayambe, njira zowonjezera ziwerengero zolembera zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezerapo mabhonasi, kuwalimbikitsa, kupindula ndi maphunziro, ndi kuchepetsa miyezo yolimbikira maphunziro (zaka, zolakwa zapandu, maphunziro apamwamba).
Mu 2005, ankhondo anali ndi miyezi inayi yovuta pomwe adasowa zolinga zawo za mwezi ndi mwezi, ndipo cholinga chawo cholembera chaka ndi asilikali pafupifupi 8,000. Izi zinali chifukwa Congress inalimbikitsa asilikali ogwira ntchito kuti awonjezere ndi asilikali 20,000, ndipo ankhondo anayesa kuchita izi chaka chimodzi.
M'malo mokonzekera, asilikali anatsutsa nkhaniyo powonjezera olemba ntchito, akugwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano zopempherera , kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa ma bonasi komanso kulemba zaka zambiri . Asilikaliwo adalandilapo anthu ambiri, asanayambe malipiro a ngongole ndi kuonjezera zopereka za Army College Fund . Ntchito yogwira ntchitoyi inatha kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo.
Zifukwa Zomwe Muliri Wosakayikira M'tsogolo
Pokhapokha ngati nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse idzabwezeretsedwe, kubwezeretsa zolembazo kungakhale ndi zotsatirapo zoipa pa zankhondo zamakono ngati pali zotsatirapo zonse. Kukonzekera sikusintha mwamsanga.
- Kuphunzitsa: Msilikali wakhala ntchito yodzipereka yonse ya akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe adzipanga kutumikira. Panthawi imeneyo, asilikali anatha kwambiri (ndi bwino!) Asintha momwe amachitira ndi momwe amamenyera nkhondo. Kuti agwiritse ntchito ndondomeko, asilikali adzasintha njira yonse yomwe imaphunzitsira ndikugwira ntchito lero.
- Palibe Yankho Loyamba : Zitenga miyezi 18-24 kuti adziwe ndikuphunzitsa mapepala ndikuwapanga kukhala magulu atsopano.
- Miyezo Ikanadutsa: Ndi asilikali omwe amapangidwa ndi odzipereka, maofesiwa athe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zogwira ntchito. Ngati tibwereranso zolembazo ndipo asilikali adakakamizika kulandira aliyense mosasamala kanthu za zolemba za milandu, zolemba zoyeserera, kapena ziyeneretso zamankhwala, zida zikanakhala zazikulu, koma zochepa.
- Kulipira Kwambiri: Sitingakwanitse kubweretsa ngakhale peresenti ya anthu a zaka 18 mpaka 25 omwe akugwira ntchito. Ntchito yovomerezeka idzawonjezera anthu mamiliyoni ambiri m'mabuku a ndalama zomwe kale ndizofunika kwambiri padziko lonse. Ayenera kuphunzitsidwa, kudyetsedwa, kuvala, okonzeka ndi kukhalamo. Nthaŵi zina amafunika kuchipatala. Nyumba zina ziyenera kumangidwa, kuphatikizapo asilikali okwatiwa adzalandira malipiro.