Dr. Leonard Wong, akuphatikizapo pulofesa wafukufuku ku Strategic Studies Institute ya US Army War College, anati, " Chifukwa Chake Amamenya Nkhondo: Kulimbana ndi Kulimbana ku Iraq " kunatsimikizira chikhulupiriro chodziwika kuti kugwirizanitsa mgwirizano ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'masuntha olimbikitsa kumenya nkhondo, pepalalo linatulutsanso "zinthu zodabwitsa zokhudza asilikali okonda dziko lawo."
Poyambirira, funsoli linadzuka kuchokera ku Samuel Stouffer a "American Soldier" omwe adawamasulidwa mu 1949 akufotokoza momwe msilikali Wadziko Lonse Wachiwiri Anayendera pa nkhondo.
Kumenyana ndi abambo achimuna obwera kuchokera kunkhondo nthawi zambiri amati adayesetsa kumenyana kuti "amenye nkhondo kuti apite kwawo. Yankho lachiwiri lodziwika bwino ndi cholinga chachikulu cholimbirana, komabe, limatanthawuza ku maubwenzi amphamvu omwe adayambitsa nkhondo, "adatero Stouffer.
Zotsatira za Stouffer zinathandizira wolemba mbiri SLA Marshall a "Men Against Fire" omwe anatulutsidwa mu 1942.
"Ndili ndi mfundo zosavuta kumva za nkhondo kuti chinthu chomwe chimathandiza msilikali wachangu kuti apitirize ndi zida zake ndiko kukhalapo pafupi kapena kukhalapo kwa mnzako ... Iye amathandizidwa ndi anzake makamaka ndi zida zake kachiwiri . "
Wina analemba pepala lofufuzira la Edward A. Shils ndi Morris Janowitz mosakayika anasonyeza zotsatira zofanana pakati pa asilikali a Germany a Wehrmacht omwe adamenyana ngakhale monga Berlin anagwa.
Popeza mapepalawa, chilakolako cha "kusalekerera bwenzi lako" wakhala chidziwitso chodziwika chifukwa chake asilikali akumenyana.
Kodi zonsezi zokhudzana ndi kugwirizana?
"Kafukufuku waposachedwa akhala akukayikira nzeru izi," adatero Wong.
Posakhalitsa ntchito zazikulu zothetsa nkhondo zatha mu Iraq May 1, Wong ndi ofufuza timu a ku War College adayendera ku Iraq kuti adziŵe ngati nzeru za chikhalidwe zimakhalabe zoyenera.
Gululo linapita kunkhondo kukafunsa mafunso chifukwa iwo ankafuna kulankhula ndi asirikali pamene zochitikazo zinali zatsopano m'maganizo mwawo.
Gululo linafunsa asilikaliwo funso lomwelo Stouffer anafunsa asilikali mu phunziro lake la 1949 - "Kawirikawiri, pazochitika zanu zothana ndi nkhondo, chomwe chinali chofunika kwambiri kwa inu kuti mukupitirizebe kuchita ndi momwe munachitira."
Asilikali a ku America a ku Iraq adayankhulanso ndi makolo awo mofanana ndi kufuna kubwerera kwawo, koma kawirikawiri yankho loperekedwa mobwerezabwereza chifukwa cholimbirana nkhondo linali "kumenyera abwenzi anga," adatero a Wong.
Lipotili linaulula maudindo awiri a mgwirizano pakati pa chiyanjano.
Udindo umodzi ndi wakuti msirikali aliyense ali ndi udindo wopambana gulu ndi kuteteza chipangizocho kuti chisapweteke. Monga msilikali mmodzi adanena, "Munthu ameneyo amatanthauza zambiri kuposa inu. Udzafa ngati wamwalira. Ndichifukwa chake ndikuganiza kuti timatetezana wina ndi mzake muzochitika zilizonse. Ndikudziwa kuti ngati amwalira, ndiye kuti ndikulakwa, zikanakhala zoipa kuposa imfa. "
Ntchito ina imapereka chidaliro ndi chitsimikizo kuti wina akuyang'ana kumbuyo kwawo. Mu mawu amodzi a mnyamatayo, "Iwe uyenera kuwakhulupirira iwo kuposa amayi ako, abambo ako, kapena chibwenzi, kapena mkazi wako, kapena aliyense. Zimakhala ngati mngelo wanu woteteza. "
Pamene asilikali akukhulupirira kuti chitetezo chawo chidzatsimikiziridwa ndi ena, iwo ali ndi mphamvu zogwira ntchito popanda nkhawa, phunzirolo linanenedwa. Iwo adanena kuti asilikari amadziwa kuti ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Msilikali wina adayankha zomwe makolo ake anachita - "Banja langa lonse limaganiza kuti ndine nati. Iwo amaganiza, 'Kodi mungaike bwanji moyo wanu m'manja mwa munthu monga choncho? ... Mudakali kuwomberedwa. '"
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina ankakayikira anthu akunja, lipotilo linatsiriza, asilikali ankakonda kwambiri kukhala opanda nkhawa za anthu ogwira ntchito.
Ngakhale kuti phunziro la Wong linaonetsa lingaliro la Stouffer pa kufunika kwa mgwirizano wa msilikali kukhalabe wovomerezeka, iwo anali ndi lingaliro losiyana la mtengo wokonda dziko.
Stouffer ankatsutsa kuti malingaliro, kukonda dziko, kapena kumenyana ndi chifukwa chake sizinali zikuluzikulu mukumenyana nkhondo.
"N'zosadabwitsa kuti asilikali ambiri ku Iraq adalimbikitsidwa ndi kukonda dziko," adatero Wong.
Kuwombola anthu ndi kubweretsa ufulu kunali mitu yodziwika pofotokoza zolimbana ndi nkhondo, lipotili linanena.
Army ya lero yodzipereka yokhala ndi "asilikali ambiri odzipereka pa ndale" chifukwa cha kusintha. Anati asilikali anzeru lero ali ndi kumvetsetsa bwino ntchitoyi ndipo amapereka "asilikali enieni."
"Ngakhale kuti asilikali a ku United States ali ndi zipangizo zabwino komanso zophunzitsira," inatero lipotilo. "Nthaŵi zambiri anthu amanyalanyazidwa. ... Asirikali ake ali ndi mlingo wodalirika wodalirika.
"Amakhulupirira wina ndi mzake chifukwa cha mgwirizano wapakati pakati pa asilikari. Amakhulupirira atsogoleri awo chifukwa atsogoleli awo aphunzitsa bwino mayunitsi awo. Ndipo, akudalira ankhondo chifukwa, kuyambira kumapeto kwa asilikali, asilikali akuyenera kukopa mamembala awo m'malo mowalembera. "
Wong adati chikhulupiliro chake chikuwonetsa, koma akuchenjeza kuti, "Nthawi yowona imayesedwa."
Anati kusakayikira kungasokoneze chikhulupiliro ndi malo omwe akukhala osatayika komanso nkhani zowonongeka zingachepetse chikhulupiriro ngati sichiyang'aniridwa mosamala.