Amayi ambiri amatha kumvetsetsa bwino za ndalama zachuma. Ndi chifukwa chake tili ndi akatswiri a zachuma, ndipo ndi chinthu chabwino chomwe timachita.
Pano pali ndondomeko yofunikira yokhudza ndalama ndi ndondomeko ya ndalama kwa wothandizira osati ndalama:
- Accruals . Ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndalama mu nthawi yowerengera, koma sizinalipidwe pamapeto a nthawi imeneyo.
- Kugawa . Ndondomeko yofalitsa ndalama kuchokera ku gulu limodzi la ndalama kupita kuzinthu zingapo, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito.
- Zowonongetsa ndalama . Ndalama za katundu monga nyumba ndi makompyuta, zomwe zimaperekedwa nthawi kuti ziwonetse moyo wawo wogwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Zosowa. Chilichonse chomwe chiri ndi kampani yomwe ili ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali; mwachitsanzo, katundu wokhala ngati nyumba, zomera ndi makina, ndi magalimoto.
- Ndondomeko Yoyenera. Chithunzi pa nthawi ya amene ali ndi kampaniyo, ndipo katundu ndi ngongole zikuimira kufunika kwa kampani. Patsamba la equation ndi: capital + debt = assets.
- Pewani ngakhale mfundo. Mfundo pamene bizinesi ya 'bizinesi ikufanana ndi ndalama'.
- Zotsatira za bajeti. Ndalama zomwe zimakonzedwa kuthera nthawi, nthawi zambiri pachaka.
- Kusintha kwa bajeti. Kusiyana pakati pa ndondomeko ya bajeti ndi ndalama zenizeni.
- Kusanthula mtengo / kupindula . Ndondomeko yomwe imafufuza ngati, panthawi inayake, phindu la ndalama zatsopano, kapena mwayi watsopano wa bizinesi, zimaposa ndalama zogwirizana.
- Lolunjika motsutsana ndi ndalama zowonongeka . Ndalama zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kupanga mankhwala. Ndalama zosadziwika sizingagwirizane mwachindunji ndi mankhwala enaake.
- Gawo limodzi la magawo (EPS). Chiwonetsero chodziwika bwino cha ndalama za kampani - zimakhala zofanana ndi malipiro omwe amagawidwa ndi chiwerengero cha magawo omwe apambana.
- Zosasintha . Ndalama zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti zisinthe ndalama. Mwachitsanzo, nyumba, ndi zipangizo. Nthawi zina amatchedwa chomera.
- Mzere wolemera . Chiŵerengero chimene chimayeza chiŵerengero cha phindu lalikulu pokhudzana ndi malonda a zogulitsa.
- Phindu lalikulu . Ndalama yotsala mutatha katundu wonse wogulitsa kapena mtengo wa katundu wogulitsidwa wakhala akuchotsedwera kuchokera ku ndalama.
- Kuthamanga kovuta. Mlingo wa kubwereka kwa ndalama za ndalama zikufunikira kuti polojekiti ikhale yopindulitsa. Ndalama zimabwereranso kuposa zomwe zikanatheka poika ndalama muzogulitsa ndalama zochepa kapena zochepa.
- Zosowa zosaoneka . Zomwe sizinthu zakuthupi zomwe zilibe phindu lenileni, monga ufulu wololera zabwino ndi zaluso.
- Inventory . Zida kapena zipangizo bizinesi ikugulitsa. Onani kasamalidwe kazinthu.
- Zolakwa . Gulu lalikulu la zomwe bizinesi likuyenera. Zolakwa ndizokwanira ngongole za nthawi yayitali zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka bizinesi ndi ngongole zochepa kapena ndalama chifukwa cha ntchito zamalonda mpaka lero.
- Ndalama yamakono yeniyeni (NPV). Kufunika kwachuma cha ndalama, powerengedwa pochotsa mtengo wa ndalama kuchokera ku mtengo wamakono wa zopindulitsa za mtsogolo. Chifukwa cha mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa ndalama, ndalama zomwe zimapeza panthawi yamtsogolo ziyenera kuchotsedwa kuti ziwonetsedwe molondola mu madola amakono.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama . Ndalama zimene zimachitika pochita bizinesi, mwachitsanzo: malipiro a antchito oyang'anira, malipiro, malonda ndi malonda, komanso ndalama zina za bizinesi zomwe sizikutchulidwa mwachindunji pakupanga mankhwala.
- Pamwamba. Ndalama zomwe sitinganene kuti zili ndi gawo limodzi la ntchito za kampaniyo
- Nthawi yobwezera. Kutalika kwa nthawi kunayenera kubwezeretsa mtengo wa ndalama zogulitsa; nthawi yomwe idutsa isanachitike kuti ndalama zikubwezere.
- Zotsatira za zokolola . Zizindikiro monga malonda ogulitsa-ogwira ntchito-kapena ogwira ntchito-opangidwa-ogwira ntchito, omwe amapereka ntchito yowonjezera bwino ndi yogwira ntchito.
- Bwererani pa zamalonda (ROI). Chiŵerengero cha ndalama chomwe chimawerengetsera ndalama zobwereka kuchokera ku ndalama zomwe zimakhala ndi ndalama zake.
- Kuwononga dzuwa. Zomwe zisanachitike zisagwidwe ndi zosankha zatsopano. Izi siziyenera kuwerengedwera kuwerengera za phindu la polojekiti.
- Ndalama yamtengo wapatali. Mfundo yomwe dola yapatsidwa lerolino ndi yofunika kwambiri kuposa dola yomwe imalandira panthawi ina. Ngakhalenso popanda zotsatira za kupuma kwa ndalama, ndalama zomwe zimalandira lero zingakhale zopindulitsa kwambiri chifukwa zikhoza kuchitidwa ndalama mwamsanga, kupeza ndalama zina.
- Mitengo yosiyanasiyana . Ndalama zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi malonda; Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo mtengo wa zipangizo ndi makampani ogulitsa.
Kusinthidwa 10/10/2015