Cholinga chake ndi kuonetsetsa kuti makasitomala amatha kuchotsa zochuluka zawo zomwe akufuna, ngakhale ngati kampaniyo ikusokoneza.
Kuwerengera:
Makamaka kamodzi pa sabata, makampani ogulitsa malonda amayenera kukwaniritsa zomwe alipira kwa makasitomala komanso omwe alipira ngongole zawo, pakhomo ndi phindu. Ngati ndalama zomwe amalipira ngongole zogulira makasitomala apitirira oyenera kuchokera kwa makasitomala, fomuyo iyenera kutseka gawo lake (chiwerengero chomwe chimalamulidwa ndi Chigamu 15c3-3) mu "Akaunti ya Bungweli Yapadera Yopindula Yopindulitsa ya Amalonda." Ndalama ndi zobisika Kusiyanitsidwa mmenemo sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito pazinthu zilizonse, monga malonda paokha kapena kupereka ndalama zake. Ndalama zomwe zili mu akauntiyi zikhoza kufika mabiliyoni ambiri a ndalama kwa kampani imodzi.
Kuwerengera kuli ndi zovuta zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi zomwe zimachokera ndi kubwereka ngongole. Palinso magulu opatsirana omwe amaperekedwa ku makalasi osiyanasiyana, omwe angasinthe mawerengedwe m'njira zovuta.
Otsutsa amakayikira kuti, mu ngongole yaikulu kapena makampani osokoneza bongo, makasitomala sangathe kukwaniritsa udindo wawo kwa fakitale yogulitsa malonda pa nthawi yake, ngati atero. Chotsatira chake, malingaliro awo, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zili pansi pa lamulo la 15C3-3 ndizochepa kwambiri. Poyankha zolephera za Lehman Brothers ndi MF Global, momwe mabiliyoni ambiri a ndalama mu ndalama zowonjezerapo mwina anatayika kwathunthu kapena kubwezeredwa pambuyo pa zaka zovuta, SEC inakhazikitsa lamulo ili.
Merrill Lynch Probe:
Bungwe la SEC likufufuza ngati Bank of America ndi Merrill Lynch yake yayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowonongeka ndi lamulo la 15c3-3 komanso kulimbikitsa phindu, motero kuyika makalata a ogulitsa malonda pangozi. Zolinga ndizokuti chiwembuchi chinatha ku Merrill Lynch kwa zaka zitatu, kutha mpaka pakati pa 2012. Bank of America, yomwe inapeza Merrill Lynch mu 2009, idalipira ndalama zoposa $ 70 biliyoni m'madera omwe adachokera ku 2008 ngongole.
Chinthu chimodzi chimene Merrill Lynch ankagwiritsira ntchito chinali kutchedwa "kutembenuka kwachinsinsi." Mmenemo, maukonde angapo apamwamba oyenera makasitomala ankakopeka kuti apereke ndalama zowonjezera (nthawizina kufika pa mamiliyoni a madola) monga chikole cha ngongole zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi nthawi 100. Chotsatiracho chinali kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa makasitomala omwe amapeza ngongole kwa Merrill Lynch, kugwa kotere pakati pa ngongole zachinsinsi kwa ogulitsa, ndipo motero kuchepetsa kukula kwa nkhaniyi. Nthaŵi zina, ndondomekoyi inamasula ndalama zokwana madola 5 biliyoni mu ndalama, kuchokera mu akaunti yowonjezera yomwe ikanapanda ndalama zokwana madola 20 biliyoni. Kusungidwa kwa ndalama zowonjezera ndalama (poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalamazo kwina kulikonse ndikuchotsa kufunika kokhala ndi ndalama zofanana ndi mabanki kapena mabungwe a ngongoleyo) zinali pafupifupi madola 20 miliyoni pachaka.
Kuwonjezera apo, Merrill Lynch anagwiritsa ntchito chida chotsitsimutsa choyendetsa ngati chida chowongolera ngozi kwa madesiki ake a malonda. Ngati dairyesi yamalonda inali ndi malo akuluakulu mu chitetezo china chomwe chinkafuna kubisala, icho chikhoza kuwononga zonse kapena zambiri pa khoka lapamwamba loyenera makasitomala, pogwiritsa ntchito ngongole zomwe apatsidwa kale. Momwe makasitomalawa athandiziridwira chifukwa chochita nawo masinthidwe osinthika sakudziwika.
Zowonjezera: "Kodi ndizochita zazikulu zotani pa lamulo la 15c3-3," wsj.com, April 28, 2015; "SEC Probes BofA Over Merrill Njira," The Wall Street Journal, April 29, 2015.