Ogwira ntchito zamankhwala awa amatumikira mabungwe a US
Ogwira ntchito zachipatala amagwirizana ndi mabungwe a boma kuphatikizapo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), ndi National Institutes of Health (NIH) kulimbikitsa thanzi labwino la anthu a ku America .
Mbiri ya Otumidwa Corps
Mwa lamulo la Pulezidenti John Adams, a Commissioned Corps anagwiritsa ntchito madokotala ku Marine Hospital Service kuti asamalire oyenda odwala ndi ovulala. Cholinga chake chinali kuteteza kufalikira kwa matenda pamene oyendetsa sitima adalowanso m'dzikoli kuchokera kumayiko akunja.
Pofika m'chaka cha 1871 ku America kunali malo ovuta, ndipo kunakhala kovuta kwambiri kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala ku Navy. Wolemba opaleshoni yoyamba m'dzikolo anaganiza zosavuta kuphatikizapo kulowetsa usilikali pa madokotala a Marine Hospital Service, kuwaika iwo ndi zida zankhondo ndi yunifolomu.
Potsirizira pake, kufunikira kwachulukidwe kwa mtunduwo kunayambitsa maudindo akuluakulu a matupi, omwe amapereka chithandizo kwa anthu onse kuphatikizapo kulamulira ndi kupewa matenda. (CDC sichidzabadwa mpaka 1946.)
Pofika m'chaka cha 1912 chiwerengero chake chinapangitsa kuti chipatala cha Marine Hospital chikhale dzina labwino kwambiri la "Health Service Service," ngakhale kuti Commissioned Corps adakali ndi mizu yake yokhazikika ngati imodzi mwa mautumiki awiri omwe sali oyenerera ku nkhondo ya US.
Zofunika Kutumikira mu Ofesi ya Corps
Zomwe zofunika kwambiri kuti mutumikire ndi Commissioned Corps ndizo maphunziro ndi chilolezo. Monga mabungwe a zida zogwira ntchito zachipatala, a Corps samatenga olemba ntchito; iwo amayang'ana awo omwe akhala akuyesa kale maphunziro apamwamba ndipo adzikhazikitsa okha ngati akatswiri a usilikali.
Zina mwa maudindo a Commissioned Corps ndi awa:
- Madokotala
- Anamwino Ovomerezeka (ali ndi digiri ya bachelor's kapena master's degree)
- Madokotala a mano
- Othandiza anthu
- Achipatala ndi azamaganizo
- Anthu odwala matendawa (bachelor's to doctorate)
- Ntchito zogwirizanitsa, monga azitsamba zamano ndi othandizira dokotala
- Amishonale
Mipata yodziphatikizidwa ndi a Commissioned Corps mu imodzi mwa ntchitozi zikhoza kusiyana chaka ndi chaka malinga ndi zofunikira.
Akuluakulu ogwira ntchito ayenera kukhala nzika za United States ali ndi zaka 44, ndipo apite kukayezetsa mankhwala ndi zakuthupi. Ngakhale kuti adatengedwa monga akatswiri a usilikali, ziyembekezo ziyenera kukonzedwanso kuti zikhale zofanana ndi kukula, kulemera, ndi kudzisamalira monga ofanana ndi asilikali a US.
Ntchito mu Ofesi ya Corps
Mosiyana ndi olembetsa usilikali, Commissioned Corps si chinthu chomwe mungathe kulumphira ku sukulu ya sekondale. Koma pali mwayi wambiri woti uyambe ntchito ndi a Corps kwa iwo amene akusowa thandizo.
Anthu omwe atumikira kale usilikali akhoza kutha ku ntchito ndi USPHS kudzera mwa mapulogalamu awiri a maphunziro. Kuthandiza odwala ndi digiri ya bachelor akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yachipatala yoperekedwa pamodzi ndi Yunivesite ya Army ndi Baylor ku Waco, Texas.
Palinso ndondomeko yothandizira dokotala wa Interservice, yomwe imapereka ku Public Health Service.
Ponena za anthu, asukulu omwe akupita kukalandira digiri yoyenera angathe kugwiritsa ntchito ngati ophunzira pa nthawi yopuma sukulu, kulandira malipiro (O1) kulipira ndi kulongosola zachitukuko ndi kuchoka pantchito komwe angatenge nawo ngati atagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pomaliza maphunziro.